综合医院医务人员锐器伤调查与对策  

Investigation and countermeasures for sharp instrument injuries among medical staff in a general hospital

作　　者：林凯[1] 叶金明[1] 钟既宁[1] 金凯玲[1] 

机构地区：[1]浙江医院医院感染管理科,浙江杭州310030

出　　处：《中华医院感染学杂志》2012年第23期5325-5327,共3页Chinese Journal of Nosocomiology

摘　　要：目的调查与分析医务人员锐器伤发生现状,讨论降低锐器伤发生的对策。方法采用北京协和医院"医疗锐器伤登记表",对浙江某综合性医院434名临床医务人员2011年5月锐器伤发生情况进行现况调查。结果2011年5月该院共有46名医务人员发生锐器伤,其中护士发生锐器伤人数最多,占71.74%,麻醉医师发生率最高,为62.50%,各类医务人员锐器伤发生率差异有统计意义(P<0.01);工龄≤5、5～10、>10年发生率分别为16.80%、7.41%、8.46%;经统计学检验,工龄≤5年与工龄5～10年、工龄≤5年与工龄>10年锐器伤发生率差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论护士及麻醉医师是锐器伤发生的高危人群;工龄低、自我防护意识不强、对锐器伤危害认识不足、任务繁重为锐器伤发生的重要危险因素;需加强教育培训、加大防护投入、健全法律法规,降低锐器伤发生率。OBJECTIVE To study and analyze the current situation of the sharp instrument injuries among medical staff and put forward countermeasures to decrease the sharp instrument injuries. METHODS By means of questionnaire of sharp instrument injuries designed by Peking Union Medical College Hospital, the on-site survey of the incidence of sharp injuries in 434 medial staff was conducted in a general hospital in Zhejiang in May 2011. RESULTS The sharp instrument injuries occurred in 46 medical staff in May 2011, among which the incidence of sharp instrument injuries in the nurses was 71. 74%, the incidence of the sharp instrument injuries in the anesthetists was the highest （62. 50%）, the difference in the incidence of sharp instrument injuries among all kinds of medical staff was statistically significant （P（0.01） ; the incidence rates of the medical staff with the work experience less than 5 years, 5 to 10 years, and more than 10 years were 16. 80%, 7. 41% and 8. 46%, respectively; the statistical analysis showed that there was statistical significance in the incidence of sharp instrument injuries between work experience less than 5 years and 5-10 years, and work experience leas than 5 years and more than 10 years （P〈0.05）. CONCLUSIONS The nurses and anesthetists are the high risk population of sharp instrument injuries; short working years, weak self-protection awareness, lack of knowledge of the hazards of sharp injuries, and heavy task are the risk factors for sharp instrument injuries; in order to reduce the sharp instrument injuries, it is necessary to strengthen the education and training, increase the investment on the protection and improve the laws and regulations.

关 键 词：锐器伤 医务人员 现况调查 

分 类 号：R197.323[医药卫生—卫生事业管理]