部分玉米自交系对丝黑穗病的抗性鉴定和遗传效应研究  

Head Smut Resistance Identification and Genetic Effect of Portion Maize Inbred Lines

作　　者：左淑珍[1] 靳学慧[2] 李铁刚[3] 汤金涛[1] 陈福娜[1] 

机构地区：[1]黑龙江省农垦总局红兴隆农业科学研究所,黑龙江友谊155811 [2]黑龙江八一农垦大学,黑龙江大庆163319 [3]黑龙江垦丰种业有限公司双鸭山农场分公司,黑龙江双鸭山155132

出　　处：《玉米科学》2012年第6期137-142,共6页Journal of Maize Sciences

基　　金：黑龙江省农垦总局"十二五"重点科技项目

摘　　要：采用人工接种鉴定法评价72份玉米自交系对丝黑穗病的抗性。在72份自交系中高抗系18个,占25%;抗病系15个,占20.8%;中抗系12个,占16.7%。采用双列杂交方法 4的遗传交配设计,对其中11份自交系的抗病力进行配合力分析及遗传参数估算。结果表明,917-1、4F1和吉818的GCA负效应较大,昌7-2、黄早四和长3的GCA正效应较大;吉818×黄早四、917-1×黄早四、吉818×昌7-2、KD-13×昌7-2组合具有显著的负效应,黄早四×昌7-2和917-1×吉818组合具有显著正效应。玉米抗丝黑穗病基因的加性效应和显性效应同时存在,加性效应占主导。选育杂交种时不仅要考虑双亲的一般配合力,也要注重其特殊配合力的作用。要选育中抗以上类型杂交种,其双亲之一必须为抗病系。The resistance of 72 maize inbred lines to head smut of maize was studied and assessed by using the artificial inoculation method. The results showed that 18 of these lines were highly resistant, 15 lines were resistant and 12 were middle resistant, and the percentages were 25%, 20.8% and 16.7%, respectively. With the fourth method of diallel design, this paper analyzed combining ability and estimated genetic parameter in resistance of 11 inbred lines. The results showed that GCA negative effect of 917-1, 4F1 and Ji818 was bigger, Chang7-2, GCA effect of Huangzao4 and Chang3 was larger. Ji818 x Huangzao4, 917-1 x Huangzao4, Ji818 x Chang7-2 and KD-13 x Chang7-2 combinations had significant negative effect, Huangzao4 x Chang7-2 and 917-1 x Ji818 combination had significantly positive effects. The additive effect and dominant effect of maize head smut resistance existed at the same time, and additive effect is dominant. So, not only consider the general combining ability, but also pay attention to the special combining ability effect in the breeding of hybrid. In order to breed hybrid with middle or high resistance, one of the parents must be the high resistant line.

关 键 词：玉米 自交系 丝黑穗病 抗性鉴定 遗传效应 

分 类 号：S435.131[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]