工艺参数对AZ31镁合金磷化膜耐蚀性能及表面形貌的影响  

EFFECTS OF PARAMETERS ON SURFACE MORPHOLOGY AND CORROSION RESISTANCE OF PHOSPHATE FILM FOR AZ31 MAGNESIUM ALLOY

作　　者：崔学军[1,2] 刘春海[1,2] 李明田[1,2] 林修洲[1,2] 刘元洪[3] 

机构地区：[1]四川理工学院材料腐蚀与防护四川省重点实验室,自贡643000 [2]四川理工学院材料与化学工程学院,自贡643000 [3]四川科宏石油天然气工程有限公司,成都610213

出　　处：《中国腐蚀与防护学报》2012年第6期507-512,共6页Journal of Chinese Society For Corrosion and Protection

基　　金：四川省教育厅重点项目(12ZA261);四川理工学院人才引进基金(2011RC02);材料腐蚀与防护四川省重点实验室开放基金(2011CL08和2011CL01)资助

摘　　要：以磷酸二氢锰和无氟添加剂为主要成分,通过化学沉积的方法在AZ31镁合金表面获得了均匀且无氟、无镍和无铬的磷化膜。采用硫酸铜点蚀测试、扫描电镜及电化学极化曲线表征手段,详细地研究了成膜温度、游离酸及酸比工艺对AZ31镁合金磷化膜耐蚀性能及表面形貌的影响。结果表明:在成膜温度95℃,游离酸FA 4-5,酸比TA/FA 15～20的条件下,可获得晶粒<20μm的致密磷化膜,耐CuSO_4点蚀时间>5 min。磷化AZ31镁合金的自腐蚀电位比未处理基体正移110 mV,自腐蚀电流密度降低3个数量级。成膜温度<75℃时,不能得到完整的磷化膜;成膜温度≥75℃时,随着成膜温度的升高,磷化膜颗粒得到细化,膜层更加致密,进而有效地抑制AZ31镁合金的阳极溶解和阴极析氢,提高了耐蚀性能。但升高成膜温度,加速磷酸盐的水解,容易产生大量的磷化渣,而游离酸的控制,能够有效减少磷化渣的产生,降低生产成本,提高膜层质量。A phosphate solution, free of chromate, fluorides and nitrite, was prepared to form the corrosion resistance conversion film on the AZ31 magnesium alloy surface via chemical deposition, and the effects of film- forming temperature and free acid on surface morphology and corrosion resistance of the film were investigated via CuSO4 pitting corrosion test, scanning electron microscopy and potentiodynamic polarization curves. The denser film with grain of 20 μm, whose time of CuSO4 pitting corrosion resistance is longer than 5 rain, is obtained on the following process： film-forming temperature 95 ℃, FA 4--5, ratio of TA/FA 15-20. The Ecorr with the film is shifted positively 110 mV（vs. SCE）, the Icorr is decreased approximately by three orders compared with that of the bare substrate AZ31 respectively. The results show also that the existence of the film has a great inhibitive action on anodic dissolution and restraint action on the cathodic hydrogen evolution. The dense film is not obtained when the film-forming temperature is lower than 75 ~C, but increasing with the film-forming temperature, the grain is refiner and the film is denser, which can improve corrosion resistance performance of AZ31 magnesium alloy. Unfortunately, higher film-forming temperature is easy to accelerate hydrolysis of the phosphate and cause plenty of residues phosphide. But the decreasing of residues phosphide can be effectively controlled by controlling the adding amount of the free acid, which further improve quality of the film and decrease the cost.

关 键 词：镁合金 磷酸盐转化膜 无铬 成膜温度 游离酸 

分 类 号：TG174[金属学及工艺—金属表面处理]