长沙市老年人超重或肥胖影响因素的多水平模型分析  

Multilevel models analysis on influencing factors of overweight and obesity in the elderly from Changsha city

作　　者：刘永泉[1] 彭真[1] 曾彪[1] 孙振球[1] 

机构地区：[1]中南大学公共卫生学院,长沙410078

出　　处：《中华老年医学杂志》2012年第12期1120-1123,共4页Chinese Journal of Geriatrics

摘　　要：目的了解长沙市老年人超重或肥胖现状及影响因素，为预防和控制老年人超重或肥胖的发生提供科学依据。方法采用分层随机抽样的方法对长沙市4个区老年人进行问卷调查，调查内容包括基本情况、身高、体质量、体育锻炼和饮食习惯等。计算体质指数（BMI），并根据《中国成人超重和肥胖症预防控制指南》推荐的标准，BMI〈18．5kg／m2为体质量过轻，18．5kg／m2≤BMI〈24kg／m2为体质量正常，24kg／m2≤BMI28kg／m2为超重，BMI≥28kg／m2为肥胖对老年人进行分组，采用单因素和两水平模型分析长沙市老年人超重或肥胖的影响因素。结果共获有效问卷2254份，长沙市老年人超重或肥胖（BMI≥24kg／m2）率为39．71％（895／2254）。单因素分析显示不同地区、文化程度、月平均收入、婚姻状况、饮茶习惯、饮酒习惯、体育锻炼习惯和不同职业的老年人BMI构成比的差异有统计学意义（x2=304．17、18．39、19．35、12．93、13．29、11．77、12．87、12．84，均P〈0．05）；两水平模型分析结果显示，影响长沙市老年人超重或肥胖的独立因素是月平均收入、体育锻炼、是否饮酒、年龄和职业（均P〈0．05）。结论老年人超重或肥胖是多种因素综合作用导致的，应从科学饮食、合理营养、体育锻炼、提高健康知识水平等多方面人手，引导老年人建立健康的生活方式来控制超重或肥胖。Objective To investigate the current situation and influencing factors of overweight and obesity in the elderly from Changsha city. Methods Using stratified sampling, 2500 elderly in Changsha were included for the investigation by questionnaire and physical examination. The influencing factors were analyzed with univariate analysis and two-level models. Results Among 2500 persons, the valid questionnaires were 2254, the effective rate was 90.16%. About 39.71% （895/2254） of Changsha＇s elderly were in overweight and obesity （BMI24 kg/m2）. Univariate analysis showed that there were significant differences in BMI among different area, education degree, income, marital status, drinking wine, drinking tea, physical exercises and occupation （Z2= 304.17, 18.39, 19.35, 12.93, 13.29, 11.77, 12.87, 12.84, all P〈0.05）. The results of two-level models indicated that the independent influencing factors were income, physical exercises, drinking wine, age and occupation. Conclusions It is necessary to take interventional measures against elderly obesity and to encourage the elderly taking physical exercises and keeping reasonable diets.

关 键 词：体重 超重 肥胖症 

分 类 号：R589.2[医药卫生—内分泌]