1088例老年健康体检者肾脏损害情况分析  

Situation analysis on kidney damage of the 1088 elderly health examination people

作　　者：陈姝君[1] 陈海平[1] 李琳[1] 王兆星[1] 马清[1] 

机构地区：[1]首都医科大学附属北京友谊医院医疗保健中心老年肾病科,北京100050

出　　处：《中华老年医学杂志》2012年第12期1124-1126,共3页Chinese Journal of Geriatrics

基　　金：首都医学发展科研基金（2007-1041）

摘　　要：目的明确老年人肾脏损害特点。方法1088例老年健康体检者常规体检并检测尿常规、尿白蛋白／肌酐比值（ACR）、血肌酐、血尿素，用CKD-EPI公式估算肾小球滤过率（eGFR），B超检查肾脏结构。结果（1）高血压病、高血脂、糖尿病患病率分别为61．5％、62．1％、11．6％；（2）尿常规检查异常率为19．0％，其中蛋白尿2．6％、血尿14．1％、白细胞尿5．4％，有慢性疾病者较无慢性疾病者尿检异常率高（P〈O．01）；随机尿ACR检测白蛋白尿的检出率为25．1％，高于尿常规的蛋白尿检出率（P〈0．01）；（3）B超显示老年肾脏改变占6．8％，肾囊肿改变最多占21．8％；（4）70．7％的研究对象eGFR≥60ml·min-1·1．73m-2，有慢性疾病者eGFR〈60ml·min-1·1．73m-2的比例高于无慢性疾病者（P-〈0．01），且随年龄增加eGFR下降，年龄每增加10岁，eGFR下降中位数为7ml·min-1·1．73m-2。结论老年人的肾脏损害无论结构或功能都有其特殊性，了解老年人肾脏损害特点，有助于准确诊治老年肾脏疾病。Objective To analyse the kidney damage situation of the elderly health examination people, and identify its characteristic. Methods A cross-sectional study was held which enrolled 1088 elderly health examination people. Urine routine, random urine albumin/creatinine ratio （ACR）, serum creatinine, urea nitrogen were detected by biochemical analyzer, and estimated glomerular filtration rate （GFR） with CKD-EPI formula. Kidney structure change was examined by Color doppler ultrasound detector. Results The prevalence of hypertension, hyperlipemia, diabetes mellitus was 61.5%, 62.1%, 11.6%, respectively. The abnormal detection rate of urine routine was 19.0%, including 2.6% proteinuria, 14.1 % hematuresis and 5.4% leucocyturia. The abnormal detection rate in the people with was higher than those without （P〈0.01）. However, the albuminuria detection rate with random urine ACR was 25.1%, obviously higher than that of urine routine （P〈0.01）. The ultrasound results showed that 6.8% of the total were examined with elderly characteristic kidney change, the proportion of renal cyst was the highest, accounted for 21.8%. 70.7% of all people were in the level of eGFR more than 60 ml · min-1 · 1.73m-2. The level ofeGFR〈60ml · min-1 · 1.73m-2 in the people with was higher than those without （P〈0.01）. eGFR was declined with age. When age increased every 10 years, eGFR was decreased 7ml · min-1 · 1.73m-2. Conclusions No matter in structure or function, the elderly people＇s kidney damage has its characteristic. We should make it clear to correctly diagnose and cure elderly kidney disease.

关 键 词：肾功能不全 慢性 健康调查 

分 类 号：R194.3[医药卫生—卫生事业管理]