高温、噪声等因素对飞行员红细胞膜三磷酸腺苷酶活性的影响  

Effects Of Heat and Noise on ATPase or Erythrocyte Membrane in Pilots During Flying

作　　者：秦世贞[1] 俞启福[1] 马贵喜[1] 郝唯蔚[1] 李鸣皋[1] 赵红[1] 

机构地区：[1]海军总医院空潜科

出　　处：《海军总医院学报》2000年第2期79-81,共3页Journal of Naval General Hospital of PLA

摘　　要：目的:探讨高温、噪声环境中飞行对飞行员红细胞膜ATP酶活性的影响.方法:飞行员24名为实验组,普通地面人员21名为对照组.作多靶场轰炸飞行,舱内温度45℃～53℃,噪声97～122dB(A).飞行时间3h,于飞行前(6:00 AM)、飞行后即刻(12:00 AM)、8h(8:00 PM)采血.对照组采血日行室内作业(27℃).用比色法测定红细胞膜Na^+-K^+ATP酶、Ca^(2+)-Mg^(2+)ATP酶活性.结果:实验组日间红细胞膜Na^+-K^+ATP酶活性分别为0.310±0.150、0.552±0.102及0.380±0.138,对照组为0.212±0.086、0.488±0.290及(0.378±0.188)μmol Pi/lmg prot·h.实验组日间Ca^(2+)-Mg^(2+)ATP酶活性分别为0.270±0.158、0.727±0.187及0.544±0.234,对照组为0.191±0.133、0.540±0.353及(0.274±0.144)μmolPi/mg prot·h).结论:实验组和对照组的Na^+-K^+ATP酶及Ca^(2+)-Mg^(2+)ATP酶日间(6:00AM,12:00AM,8:00PM)变化曲线基本一致并均在正常范围内;实验组清晨红细胞膜Na^+-K^+ATP酶活性明显高于对照组;实验组飞行后即刻及8hCa^(2+)-Mg^(2+)ATP酶活性明显高于同一时间对照组.长时间高温、噪声刺激可引起ATP的过度消耗,严重时造成红细胞内Ca^(2+)超载,红细胞膜僵硬,甚至红细胞凋亡.Objective: To determine the effect of heat and noise on ATPase activities of erythrocyte membrane in pilots during flying. Methods: Twenty four pilots for 3 h (45 - 53℃ , 97-122 dB in the cabin) served as subjects. 21 ground people served as control group (27 ℃ in the room). Blood samples were taken from two groups before flying (6 : 00 AM), immediately (12 : 00 AM) and 8 h (8 : 00 PM) after flying. Na+-K + ATPase, Ca2+-Mg2+ATPase activities of erythrocyte membrane were determined with colorimetry. Results: For pilots, the Na + -K+ATPase activities of erythrocyte membrane at above mentioned time were 0. 310±0. 150,0. 552±0. 102 and 0. 380±0. 138 mol Pi/mg prot·h respectively. For control group were 0. 212±0. 086,0. 488±0. 290 and 0. 378±0. 188 mol Pi/mg prot·h respectively. The activity of 6 : 00 AM in pilots was higher than that in control group of the same time (P<0. 01). For pilots, the Ca2+-Mg2+ATPase activities of erythrocyte membrane at above mentioned time were 0. 270±0. 158,0. 727±0. 187 and 0. 544±0. 234 mol Pi/mg prot·h respectively. For control group were 0. 191±0. 133,0. 540±0. 353 and 0. 274±0. 144 mol Pi/mg prot·h. The activities of 12: 00 AM and 8 : 00 PM in pilots increased significantly, compared with those in control group of the same time (P<0. 01). Conclusion: Exposure of the body to heat and noise long time may be harmful, the higher ATPase activities are, the more catabolism of ATP will be. ATP exhaustion will cause of Ca2+ overload in erythrocyte and fatally stiffen the red cell membrane.

关 键 词：高温 噪声 飞行员 红细胞膜 三磷酸腺苷酶 

分 类 号：R854[医药卫生—航空、航天与航海医学]