木兰属等3属植物的芽种类、结构与成枝规律研究  

Study on the Bud Species,Anatomical Structure and the Growth Rule of Branch Forming in Magnolia Linn.,Yulania Spach and Michelia Linn.

作　　者：陈建业[1] 鲁国荣[1] 宁玉霞 赵天榜[3] 陈志秀[3] 

机构地区：[1]许昌职业技术学院,河南许昌461000 [2]许昌林业科学研究所,河南许昌461000 [3]河南农业大学林学院,郑州450002

出　　处：《中国农学通报》2012年第34期46-52,共7页Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin

基　　金：河南省科技攻关项目"珍稀濒危园林绿化树种速繁保护与利用"(0424070105)

摘　　要：为进一步了解木兰亚枓植物有预生分枝、同生分枝的科学性、真实性,及其在该亚科分类系统中的应用前景,选取木兰属、玉兰属和含笑属等3属植物的代表种——荷花木兰、玉兰、耐冬含笑,对其芽种类、结构解剖、分枝习性等进行研究。结果表明:(1)荷花木兰芽有4种:盲芽、休眠芽、叶芽、混合芽;玉兰芽有3种:休眠芽、叶芽、玉蕾;耐冬含笑芽有4种:休眠芽、叶芽、花蕾、混合芽。同时,首次发现含笑属有混合芽及单歧聚伞花序。3属混合芽与玉蕾区别显著,具有系统学意义。(2)Figlar提出的预生分枝和同生分枝的基础不同,无可比性,无系统学意义。荷花木兰等植物均具有预生分枝及预生-同生分枝,绝无同生分枝的现象。其成枝规律随树种、立地条件、栽培技术、树龄不同,且区别明显。Figlar以分枝习性不同,将合笑属并入木兰属是不妥的。In order to find out the science,authenticity of syllepsis and prolepsis in Magnolia subfamily,and its application prospects in the subfamily classification system,the author selected the representative species of the Magnolia Linn.,Yulania Spach and Michelia Linn.：Magnolia grandiflora Linn.,Yulania denudate（Desr.） D.L.Fu and Michelia gelida T.B.Zhao,Z.X.Chen et D.L.Fu,and investigated theis bud types,branching habit,etc.,and the structure of the bud by anatomical observation.The results indicated that：（1）there were 4 types of bud on the current year ＇ s branches of Magnolia grandiflora Linn：blind bud,dormant bud,leafbud and mixed bud,3 types of Yulania denudate（Desr.） D.L.Fu：dormant bud,leafbud and Yulania-alabastra and 4 types of Michelia gelida T.B.Zhao,Z.X.Chen et D.L.Fu：dormant bud,leafbud,alabastrum and mixed bud.At the same time,it was first discovered that Michelia Linn.consisted mixed bud and monochasial cyme.Moreover,there were obvious differences between mixed bud and Yulania-alabastra of the three genus.So this finding had a systematic significance.（2） Syllepsis and prolepsis proposed by Figlar had different foundation,so there was no comparable and systematic significance.The plants liked Magnolia grandiflora Linn.had the phenomenon of prolepsis and prolepsis-syllepsis,but no syllepsis.As the different condition of tree species,site condition,cultivation measures and tree-age,the branching rule of these plants had obvious differences.So it was inappropriate to incorporate Michelia into Magnolia by Figlar according to different branching habit.

关 键 词：荷花木兰 玉兰 耐冬含笑 芽种类 结构解剖 成枝生长规律 

分 类 号：S6[农业科学—园艺学]