硝酸盐胁迫对红耳龟和中华条颈龟胚胎的毒性效应  

Toxic Effects of Nitrate on Embryonic Development in Turtles Trachemys scripta elegans and Mauremys sinensis

作　　者：傅丽容[1] 贺斌[1] 王娅玲[1] 史海涛[1] 

机构地区：[1]海南师范大学生命科学学院,海南海口571158

出　　处：《水产科学》2012年第11期683-686,共4页Fisheries Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金国际地区重大合作项目(30910103916);海南省自然基金科学资助项目(310040)

摘　　要：在孵化基质蛭石中添加不同质量浓度的硝酸铵,在恒温(30±0.5)℃、相对湿度85%～90%、基质湿度5%～10%的条件下孵化龟卵至出壳,检测红耳龟和中华条颈龟胚胎中过氧化氢酶、超氧化物歧化酶活性和丙二醛的变化,研究环境胁迫对2种龟非特异性免疫的影响。试验结果表明,在胁迫条件下,红耳龟肝脏过氧化氢酶和超氧化物歧化酶活性显著高于中华条颈龟(P<0.05),并随着硝酸铵质量浓度的增大而降低;红耳龟和中华条颈龟的丙二醛浓度均低于对照组,且红耳龟肝脏和肌肉的丙二醛浓度均显著小于中华条颈龟(P<0.05);不同器官酶活表现不同,肝脏的过氧化氢酶和超氧化物歧化酶活性高于肌肉(P<0.05),肌肉易受氧化损伤。各项指标比较表明,红耳龟各组织器官抗氧化系统功能强于中华条颈龟,表明红耳龟胚胎发育期对环境胁迫的抗氧化能力、防御能力和机体免疫功能力优于中华条颈龟,有利于胚胎发育和个体生长。Toxic effects of concentration of ammonium nitrate into the incubation substance on embryonic development were studied in turtles Trachemys scripta elegans and Mauremys sinensis by monitoring changes in activities of catalase（CAT）,and superoxide dismutase（SOD） and concentration of malonaldehyde（MDA） during embryonic development period under the condition of（30±0.5） ℃,relative humidity of 85%~90% and moisture of 5%~10%.The results showed that the activities of CAT and SOD in liver were significantly higher in T.scripta elegans than in M.sinensis（P0.05）,and lower as the concentrations of ammonium nitrate were increased.The concentrations of MDA in liver and muscles were found to be lower in T.scripta elegans and M.sinensis than in the conrol group,significantly lower in T.scripta elegans than in M.sinensis（P0.05）.The activities of CAT and SOD were higher in liver than in muscles,indicating that muscles were susceptible to oxidative damage.These findings showed that T.scripta elegans had higher anti-oxidant function,defense ability and immunologic competence than M.sinensi did,which leads to good embryonic development and growth.

关 键 词：红耳龟 中华条颈龟 环境胁迫 硝酸铵 胚胎发育 

分 类 号：Q959.5[生物学—动物学]