我国苎麻根际寄生线虫调查和初步研究  

Investigation and Preliminary Study of Parasitic Nematodes from Rhizosphere of Ramie in China

作　　者：刘慧玲[1,2] 余永廷[1] 曾粮斌[1] 薛召东[1] 朱爱国[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院麻类研究所,长沙410205 [2]中国农业科学院研究生院,北京100081

出　　处：《中国麻业科学》2012年第6期297-301,共5页Plant Fiber Sciences in China

基　　金：国家麻类产业技术体系建设专项(CARS-19-S11);中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项(0032011024)

摘　　要：2010-2011年,我们在重庆、四川、湖北、湖南、江西等地苎麻主产区进行根腐线虫病调查;采集苎麻根腐病病蔸和病土,并分别利用改良贝曼漏斗法和蔗糖离心浮选法从病根和土壤中分离植物病原线虫,根据形态特征对分离到的植物病原线虫进行鉴定。研究结果表明:1)苎麻根腐病病根及根际土壤中主要发现4种植物寄生线虫,根据形态特征,鉴定为:咖啡短体线虫(Pra-tylenchus coffeae)、穿刺短体线虫(P.penetran)、长针属线虫(Paratylenchus sp.)和丝尾属线虫(Filenchus sp.);其中,后2种线虫均在苎麻园中首次报道;2)四种线虫中,咖啡短体线虫发生最为普遍,存在于大多数样品中(约91%);丝尾属线虫次之,存在于54.5%的样品中;穿刺短体线虫较少,存在于少数样品(18.2%)中;长针属线虫最少,仅在13.6%的样品中检测到。3)根际土壤中植物寄生线虫的数量,随麻园种植年限增加而增多;同时,土壤类型也对线虫生长繁殖有一定的影响。In 2010-2011, we surveyed the ramie root rot diseases around the main ramie planting regions such as Chongqing, Sichuan, Hubei, Hunan and Jiangxi provinces. The rot root and the diseased rhizosphere soil were sampled and nematodes were isolated from the samples by the methods of improved Baermann funnel and sucrose density centrifugation. The isolated nematodes were identified according to their morphological characters. The results showed that ： 1 ） Four species of parasitic nematodes were iso- lated from the diseased roots and soil, they were identified as Pratylenchus coffeae, P. penetran, Paraty- lenchus sp. , and Filenchus sp. respectively. And the later two nematodes were found firstly in ramie fields. 2） Among the four nematode species, P. coffeae was the most popular one, it distributed in about 91% of the samples, followed by Filenchus sp. , which was isolated from about 54.5% of the samples. P. penetran ranked the third, which was found in about 18.2% of the samples. Paratylenchus sp. was the least one, only detected in 13.6% of the samples. 3 ） The number of parasitic nematodes in the rhi-zosphere increased along with the ramie planting years. Meanwhile, the growth and reproduction of nema- todes seemed also to be influenced by soil types.

关 键 词：苎麻 咖啡短体线虫 穿刺短体线虫 丝尾属线虫 长针属线虫 

分 类 号：S563.2[农业科学—作物学]