由膨润土制取氧化铝晶须试验研究  

Experimental Research of Preparation of Alumina Whiskers from Bentonite

作　　者：黄伶俐[1] 于少明[1] 程磊磊[1] 潘晓峰[1] 

机构地区：[1]合肥工业大学化工学院,安徽合肥230009

出　　处：《矿产综合利用》2012年第6期42-45,共4页Multipurpose Utilization of Mineral Resources

摘　　要：研究了由膨润土制取氧化铝晶须的方法,确定了适宜的工艺路线。通过XRD、SEM、TG等手段对前驱体碱式碳酸铝铵及其煅烧产物氧化铝晶须的结构、成分、形貌进行了分析与表征。结果表明,在较佳酸浸条件下,膨润土中的蒙脱石基本被全部分解,其中的铝等可溶性成分溶于酸中,而硅变成了活性二氧化硅与石英等脉石残留在酸浸渣中;酸浸滤液经高锰酸钾氧化沉铁后,铁含量显著降低,除铁率96%以上;利用水热合成的前驱体碱式碳酸铝铵晶须,经900～1100℃温度煅烧4h后得到不同晶型的氧化铝晶须,其直径在500nm左右,长度约为10μm,长径比为20左右。The preparation method of alumina whiskers from bentonite was studied. The appropriate process route was determined. The structure, composition and morphology of ammonium aluminium carbonate hydroxide whiskers and alumina whiskers were analysed and characterized by XRD, SEM and TG. The results showed that in the relatively good acid leaching condition, the montmorillonite in the bentonite was almost decomposed, among which those soluble components such as aluminum were dissolved in the acid and the silicon which was changed into the active silica was maintained in the acid leaching residue with gangues such as quartz. Through iron precipitation by potassium permanganate, the content of iron in the acid leaching filtrate was obviously decreased. The removal rate of iron was more than 96%. Using the hydrothermal synthesis of precursor of ammonium aluminium carbonate hydroxide whisker,at the temperature of 900 -1100 ℃, after being calcined for 4h, different crystal structure of alumina whisker could be obtained with the diameter about 500nm, the length about 10μm and the ratio of length to diameter about 20.

关 键 词：膨润土 碱式碳酸铝铵晶须 氧化铝晶须 

分 类 号：TD985[矿业工程—选矿]