Assessment of Soil Salinity Risk on the Agricultural Area in Basrah Province,Iraq:Using Remote Sensing and GIS Techniques  

作　　者：Mushtak T Jabbar 周敬宣 

机构地区：[1]School of Environmental Science&Engineering,Huazhong University of Science&Technology [2]Department of Soil and Water,College of Agriculture,University of Basrah

出　　处：《Journal of Earth Science》2012年第6期881-891,共11页地球科学学刊（英文版）

基　　金：supported by the Basrah University,Iraq and the Outstanding Doctorate Thesis Foundation of Huazhong University of Science and Technology,the Youth Chenguang Project of Science and Technology of Wuhan City of China (Nos.20015005037 and 20055003059-34);the Natural Science Foundation of Hubei Province (No.2005ABA047)

摘　　要：This study presents an integrated study of expansion process of salinized land in Basrah Province, a typical salt-affected area in southern parts of Iraq, by using geo-information techniques. Satellite images （Landsat TM 1990） and thematic maps （ETM 2003） were used to provide comprehen- sive views of surface conditions such as vegetation cover and salinization detection. With ERDAS soft- ware, the normalized differential salinity index （NDSI） and salinity index （SI） were computed and then evaluated for soil degradation by salinization. ARC/INFO software was used along with field observa- tion data （global positioning system） for analysis. During the past 13 years, the salinized land in study area increased by 6 579.1 km2 and in 2003 covered 34.5% of the total area; in the meantime, vegetation cover has decreased by 4 595.9 km2 and in 2003 covers only 24.1% of the study area. Environmental changes show that, between 1990 and 2003, 37.5% of vegetation cover and 45.9% of marshlands were transformed into salty meadow and wet salty crust, respectively. In addition, there was 16.6% of sand lands converted into dry puffy salty crust. Results using spatial analysis methods showed that 7 894.9 km2 （41.4%） of land had no risk of environment degradation by soil salinity, 4 595.9 km2 （24.1%） bad slight risk, 4 042.8 km2 （21.2%） had moderate risk, and 2 536.3 km2 （13.3%） of the total land area was at a high risk of environment degradation by soil salinity. In conclusion, the study area was ex- posed to a high risk of soil salinity.This study presents an integrated study of expansion process of salinized land in Basrah Province, a typical salt-affected area in southern parts of Iraq, by using geo-information techniques. Satellite images （Landsat TM 1990） and thematic maps （ETM 2003） were used to provide comprehen- sive views of surface conditions such as vegetation cover and salinization detection. With ERDAS soft- ware, the normalized differential salinity index （NDSI） and salinity index （SI） were computed and then evaluated for soil degradation by salinization. ARC/INFO software was used along with field observa- tion data （global positioning system） for analysis. During the past 13 years, the salinized land in study area increased by 6 579.1 km2 and in 2003 covered 34.5% of the total area; in the meantime, vegetation cover has decreased by 4 595.9 km2 and in 2003 covers only 24.1% of the study area. Environmental changes show that, between 1990 and 2003, 37.5% of vegetation cover and 45.9% of marshlands were transformed into salty meadow and wet salty crust, respectively. In addition, there was 16.6% of sand lands converted into dry puffy salty crust. Results using spatial analysis methods showed that 7 894.9 km2 （41.4%） of land had no risk of environment degradation by soil salinity, 4 595.9 km2 （24.1%） bad slight risk, 4 042.8 km2 （21.2%） had moderate risk, and 2 536.3 km2 （13.3%） of the total land area was at a high risk of environment degradation by soil salinity. In conclusion, the study area was ex- posed to a high risk of soil salinity.

关 键 词：environmental degradation soilsalinity risk remote sensing GIS Iraq. 

分 类 号：P237[天文地球—摄影测量与遥感] P208[天文地球—测绘科学与技术] S156.4[农业科学—土壤学]