我国6城市小学生高血压患病现状  

Prevalence of high blood pressure among children aged 6-13 years from six cities of China

作　　者：徐海泉[1] 胡小琪[1] 刘爱玲[1] 张倩[1] 杜松明[1] 林蓉[2] 李廷玉[3] 郭红卫[4] 马冠生[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国疾病预防控制中心营养与食品安全所,北京100050 [2]广州市疾病预防控制中心 [3]重庆医科大学附属儿童医院 [4]复旦大学公共卫生学院营卫教研室

出　　处：《中国学校卫生》2012年第12期1409-1411,共3页Chinese Journal of School Health

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划项目(2008BAI58B05)

摘　　要：目的了解城市儿童高血压患病情况,为高血压早期预防策略的制定提供基础数据。方法采用多阶段随机整群抽样方法,从北京、哈尔滨、济南、重庆、广州和上海抽取6～13岁小学生9 793名。按照统一的标准测量方法测量身高、体重及腰围,采用直立式水银血压计测量血压,参考我国儿童高血压诊断标准进行高血压诊断。通过家长问卷调查获取家庭信息。结果儿童高血压患病率为10.8%,女生(11.9%)高于男生(9.7%)(P<0.01)。肥胖儿童高血压患病率(28.3%)高于超重(16.7%)及正常体重儿童(7.5%)(P<0.01)。不同年龄女生高血压患病率差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。随着母亲文化程度的增加,女生高血压患病率逐渐降低(P<0.05);不同家庭收入水平间儿童高血压患病率差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论我国儿童高血压患病情况较为普遍,需要加强对儿童高血压的预防控制措施。Objective To investigate the prevalence of high blood pressure among children in six cities and to provide basic data for development of strategies for hypertension prevention. Methods A total of 9 793 pupils aged 6 - 13 years were selected by the multi-stage randomly cluster sampling method from six cities： Beijing, Harbin, Jinan, Chongqing, Guangzhou and Shang- hai. Overweight and obesity were defined by age and sex specific Body Mass Index classification reference for Chinese children. Abdominal obesity （ ≥90th percentile as assessed by Waist circumference ）was determined by the standard for Chinese children. Hypertension was defined by age and sex specific reference for Chinese children. Family information was obtained through questionnaire survey of parents. Results The overall prevalence of high blood pressure was 10.8% among pupils ; it was more serious among girls than that among boys （ 11.9% vs. 9.7%, P 〈 0.05 ）. The highest prevalence rate was 28.3% among obese children , for overweight and normal weight children, which was 16.7% and 7.5%, respectively （ P 〈 0.01）. With the increasing age, the high blood pressure was becoming more and more serious among pupils. No significant association was found between mother＇s educational level and the child＇s high blood pressure. Family income status was not associated with the child＇s high blood pressure either. Conclusion The hypertension is a very common problem in children and it is becoming more and more serious. We should emphasize the need for prevention and control of hypertension in children.

关 键 词：血压 高血压 人体质量指数 学生 城市 

分 类 号：R174.6[医药卫生—妇幼卫生保健] R544.1[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学]