杭州市儿童急性下呼吸道感染非典型病原体分析  

Prevalence and epidemiological features of atypical pathogen infection in children with acute lower respiratory infection in Hangzhou during 2009-2012

作　　者：王琛[1] 王莹[1] 俞哲[1] 

机构地区：[1]浙江省杭州市第六人民医院,310023

出　　处：《中国学校卫生》2012年第12期1434-1436,共3页Chinese Journal of School Health

摘　　要：目的了解儿童下呼吸道感染患者非典型病原体的构成和临床流行特征,为有效防治儿童下呼吸道感染提供依据。方法收集杭州市第六人民医院收治的1 375例下呼吸道感染患儿血清标本,采用间接免疫荧光法进行8种常见病原体IgM检测。结果 1 375例标本总阳性率为43.20%,各年龄段阳性率差异有统计学意义,在3～6岁年龄段达到高峰(66.67%)。2种以上病原体检出率随着年龄段增加有升高趋势,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。阳性率秋季最高(50.23%),冬季最低(40.34%)。肺炎支原体是儿童下呼吸道感染患者的主要非典型病原体,呼吸道合胞病毒、嗜肺军团菌和流感病毒流行具有典型季节性。结论肺炎支原体为儿童急性下呼吸道感染最常见的非典型病原体,不同病原体具有不同的临床流行特征。Objective To study the prevalence and epidemiological characteristics of atypical pathogens in children with acute lower respiratory tract infection. Methods Serum specimens from a total of 1 375 cases with acute lower respiratory tract infection were collected and tested for antibody IgM of the 8 common respiratory pathogens by using of immunofluorescence assay at the Hangzhou 6th People＇s Hospital. Results It was found that 43.20% （ 594/1 375 ） cases had positive results to some pathogens, and statistically significant difference showed in percentage of respiratory atypical pathogen detection among different age groups. Detailed analysis indicated that the 3 -6 years age group had the highest percentage of test positive results. Still more it was found that the detection rate of co-infection increased with age and with statistically significant difference. The detection rate was highest in autumn （50.23%） and lowest in winter （40.34% ）. Among the 8 pathogens mycoplasma pneumoniae was the most common in children. Moreover there were remarkable seasonal distributions for respiration syncytial virus, legionella pneumophila and influenza virus. Conclusion Mycoplasma pneumoniae is the leading atypical pathogen in children with acute lower respiratory tract infection. The prevalence and epidemiological characteristics present differently among the pathogens.

关 键 词：呼吸道感染 血传病原体 病毒 儿童 

分 类 号：R725.6[医药卫生—儿科] R174.6[医药卫生—临床医学]