蓖麻籽脂质提取与甲酯化衍生优化及其脂肪酸组成分析  

Optimization of Castor Bean Lipid Extraction and Methyl Ester Derivation and Analysis of Fatty Acid Composition

作　　者：楼乔明[1] 杨文鸽[1] 徐大伦[1] 金淼[1] 吴东晓[1] 郑贤孟[1] 

机构地区：[1]宁波大学海洋学院,宁波315211

出　　处：《中国粮油学报》2012年第12期69-72,77,共5页Journal of the Chinese Cereals and Oils Association

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(30972283);国际科技合作项目(2010DFA31330);宁波大学人才引进基金(C00464114300)

摘　　要：采用不同方法对蓖麻籽的脂质提取和甲酯化衍生效果进行研究,并对其脂肪酸组成进行分析。结果表明:不同方法对蓖麻籽的脂质提取和衍生化效果存在显著差异(P<0.05);二氯甲烷-甲醇法的脂质提取率为58.25%,且具有低毒、溶解性强和提取完全的优点,是蓖麻籽脂质提取的有效方法;酸碱结合法具有衍生完全且副反应少等优点,能更好地反映蓖麻籽脂肪酸的真实组成,是蓖麻籽脂质甲酯化衍生的理想方法。同时蓖麻籽脂肪酸以蓖麻油酸(76.43%～86.50%)、亚油酸(4.88%～6.27%)和油酸(2.70%～4.18%)为主,并含有少量的棕榈酸、硬脂酸以及亚麻酸和二十碳烯酸。The effects on lipid extraction and methyl ester derivation of castor seeds were studied using different methods, and the fatty acid composition was also analyzed in this paper. The results indicated that significant differences existed in the effects of different methods on the lipid extraction and methyl ester derivation （ P 〈 0.05 ）. The method of dichlormethane - methanol was effective in lipid extraction and the extraction level was 58.25%, which had the great advantages of low toxicity, good solubility and complete extraction of lipids. Acid - alkali combined method had virtues of entire derivatization and less side effects, which could better reflect the fatty acid composition of castor seeds, and was a ideal method for the derivatization of castor seeds lipid. Meanwhile, castor oil mainly consis- ted of rieinoleie acid （76.43 % ~ 86.50% ）, linolic acid （4.88 % ~ 6.27% ） and oleie acid （2.70% ~ 4.18% ）, and also contained small amounts of palmitic acid, stearie acid, linolenic acid and dodecenoic acid.

关 键 词：蓖麻籽 脂质提取 甲酯化 脂肪酸 

分 类 号：TQ432.2[化学工程]