老年病人上腹部手术硬膜外阻滞复合全麻的研究  

Feasibility of epidural block combined with general anesthesia for elderly upper abdominal surgery

作　　者：曹建国[1] 张马忠[1] 杭燕南[1] 孙大金[1] 

机构地区：[1]上海第二医科大学附属仁济医院,200001

出　　处：《中华麻醉学杂志》2000年第3期139-141,共3页Chinese Journal of Anesthesiology

摘　　要：目的　评价硬膜外阻滞复合全麻应用于老年上腹部手术的可行性。方法　 34例择期上腹部手术老年患者 ,ASAⅠ～Ⅱ级 ,随机分为研究组 (Ⅰ )和对照组 (Ⅱ ) ,两组全麻诱导和维持方法相同 ,全麻诱导用安定 0 1mg·kg-1、芬太尼 5 μg·kg-1、依托咪酯 3mg·kg-1、阿曲库铵 0 2mg·kg-1、琥珀胆碱 2mg·kg-1。组Ⅰ于诱导前在T9-10间隙行硬膜外穿刺置管 ,注入 1 6 %利多卡因 +0 16 %丁卡因 +1:2 0 0 0 0 0肾上腺素混合液 3～ 5ml,测定平面后给追加量 ,麻醉平面控制在T3以下。全麻维持根据临床情况选用异丙酚输注 4～ 10ml/h ,需要时吸入 1%异氟醚 ,间断注入阿曲库铵维持肌松。用NCCOM 3无创连续心排血量监测仪和HCD-1多功能监护仪监测心血管功能和脑电图 ,术前、切皮后和手术结束时测定血浆血管紧张素Ⅱ和血糖浓度 ,记录术中知晓、术后躁动及药物用量。结果　组Ⅰ插管、切皮、拔管时平均动脉压、心排血量、心率上升幅度较组Ⅱ少。体循环血管阻力(SVR)低于术前水平 ,组ⅡSVR升高且拔管时显著高于组Ⅰ ,胸液指数 (TFI)、每搏量 (SV)、射血速率指数 (EVI)、EVI/TFI组间无差异。组Ⅰ术毕边缘频率 (SEF)恢复较快 ,术后躁动发生率、异丙酚和异氟醚用量显著低于Ⅱ组。术毕Ⅱ组血浆血管紧张素和血糖浓度显著高于术?Objective To evaluate the efficacy of epidural block combined with general anesthesia for elderly upper abdominal surgery Methods Thirty-four elderly patients ,scheduled for elective upper abdominal surgery, ASA grade Ⅰ-Ⅱ, were divided randomly into study group (groupⅠ) and control group (group Ⅱ) In both groups anesthesia was induced with introvenous diazepam 0 1mg·kg -1, fentanyl 5μg·kg -1, etomidate 3mg·kg -1, atracurium 0 2 mg·kg -1 and succinylcholine 2 mg·kg -1, and was maintained with intravenous infusion of propofol 4-10ml/h and/or inhalation of 1% isoflurane and intermittent bolus of atracurium In groupⅠ epidural block was performed before induction Hemodynamics was measured with impendence cardiography and electroencephagram were monitored and intraoperative awareness, postoperative restlessness and anesthetic dosage were recorded, also the concentrations of plasma vasopressin and blood glucose were determined at pre-operation, incision and the end of surgery Results In group Ⅰ MAP,CO,HR incresed slightly during intubation, incision and extubation, and systemic vascular resistance (SVR) decreased during operation , but SVR was increased abruptly after extubation in group Ⅱ There were unsignificant changes in thoracic fluid index(TFI), stroke volume(SV), ejection volume index(EVI), EVI/TFI ratio in both groups during whole procedures SEF was recovered more earlier in group Ⅰthan that of in group Ⅱ after extubation The vasopressin and glucose levels increased significantly after-extubation compared with those before operation in group Ⅱ Conclusions The epidural block combined with general anesthesia can be more effectvely and safely applied to elderly upper abdominal surgery

关 键 词：硬膜外麻醉 全身麻醉 老年人 腹部外科手术 

分 类 号：R614.4[医药卫生—麻醉学]