硫化矿山开采过程中炸药自爆危险性预测  

Risk Prediction of Self-blasting of Explosive in a Sulfide Mine

作　　者：阳富强[1,2] 吴超[2] 李孜军[2] 叶晓晖[2] 郭乐乐[1] 

机构地区：[1]福州大学环境与资源学院,福建福州350108 [2]中南大学资源与安全工程学院,湖南长沙410083

出　　处：《中国安全科学学报》2012年第10期55-60,共6页China Safety Science Journal

基　　金：福建省自然科学基金资助(2012J05088);福州大学人才引进基金资助(022409)

摘　　要：为实现硫化矿床的安全开采,采用室内测试与数值模拟相结合的方法,预测某高硫矿山矿体爆破作业过程中发生炸药自爆的危险性。用作者设计的炸药自爆模拟装置,选取具有代表性的矿样与矿山常用炸药进行爆燃点测定。建立爆破区域硫化矿自热温度场的数学模型。结合现场边界条件,运用数值分析软件进行仿真模拟。研究结果表明,炸药的爆燃点与炸药种类及矿样的含水率均存在很大关系,不同试样的爆燃点温度均高于230℃,发生爆燃时的环境温度在210℃以上;在第80天时,爆破区域内的最高温度达到189.9℃,低于炸药爆燃需要的环境温度。因此,在该时间段内完成矿体的爆破作业,能有效预防炸药自爆事故。For realizing safe mining in sulfide mines, the self-blasting risk of explosives in a certain sulfide mine during the production was predicted by experimentation and numerical simulation. Deflagra- tion points of representative ore samples with two typical kinds of explosive were measured using an experimental setup designed by the authors. A mathematical model for self-heating field of sulfide ores in stope was built. Numerical simulation of the field was conducted by combining with the initial boundary conditions. The research results show that deflagration points of sample mixtures are greatly related to the prope^ies of explosive and moisture content of sulfide ore; the tested deflagration point values of all sam- ples are above 230 ~C, and the corresponding environmental temperatures are above 210 ~C ; if the blasting operation can be completed during 80 days, the highest temperature in the blasting area can reach only 189.9℃, which is below the minimum environmental temperature that deflagration of samples needs, so the self-blasting risk of explosive for this orebody can be effectively prevented in this period.

关 键 词：硫化矿山 炸药自爆 爆燃点 数值模拟 危险性预测 

分 类 号：X936[环境科学与工程—安全科学]