天津地区学龄前儿童缺铁性贫血流行病学调查研究  

Epidemiological investigation on preschool children with IDA in Tianjin

作　　者：景晔[1] 王莉[1] 周英杰[1] 徐和福[1] 陆光生[1] 李巍[1] 孙菁[1] 白玉[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京军区天津疗养院,北京300381

出　　处：《中国卫生检验杂志》2012年第11期2760-2763,共4页Chinese Journal of Health Laboratory Technology

摘　　要：目的:分析中国经济较发达地区城乡6个月～6岁儿童缺铁性贫血患病情况及与喂养、疾病相关影响因素,并探讨学龄前儿童贫血的早期警讯,为早期发现、早期干预提供科学依据。方法:采取整群分层抽样方法,抽取城乡具有代表性的幼儿园在园3岁～6岁的幼儿及在门诊接受健康检查的婴儿。对全部研究对象进行常规体检、询问现病及既往病史、母亲情况、膳食调查、病因分析和末梢血常规检测。结果:天津地区城市学龄前儿童IDA为8.06%,6个月～1岁为9.98%,2岁～3岁为7.94%,4岁～6岁为5.96%;农村儿童IDA为12.99%,6个月～1岁为13.99%,2岁～3岁为11.12%,4岁～6岁为10.92%。各年龄段差异显著(P<0.001),影响IDA因素除地域、家庭收入、父母文化素质、慢性病及对IDA防治知识低知晓率有关外,城市儿童超高超重、生长发育超常需铁增加而补给不足是不可忽视的重要因素。结论:不同地域、年龄、性别患病率不同,学龄前儿童IDA早期有警讯。同一地区、同一年龄超重儿童易发生IDA,超重女孩也为成年后埋下乳腺癌及子宫内膜癌危险性。Objective：To analyze the iron deficiency anemia prevalence,feeding and disease-related factors in children from 6 months to 6 years old in urban and rural area of developed region.To explore the early warning signs of anemia and provide scientific basis for early detection and early intervention.Methods： Stratified cluster sampling method was used to select the 3 to 6 year-old children in urban and rural representative kindergartens,who had health check in outpatient.Routine physical examination,inquiry of current disease and past medical history,mother′s situation,dietary survey,the cause analysis and peripheral blood were included in all subjects.Results： In urban area of Tianjin,the percentage of preschool children with IDA was 8.06%,6 months to 1 year was 9.98%,2 to 3 years was 7.94%,4 to 6 years was 5.96%;while rural children with IDA was 12.99%,6 months to 1year was 13.99%,2 to 3 years was 11.12%,4 to 6 years was 10.92%.The age difference was significant（P0.001）.The impact factors of IDA were geography,family income,parents cultural qualities,chronic diseases and low awareness of the prevention and treatment of IDA,overweight of urban children,unsufficient iron in growth and development period.These important factors can not be ignored.Conclusion： The IDA prevalence was various in different areas,ages and genders.There is early warning of IDA in preschool child.In the same area and same age,overweight children are prone to IDA and overweight girls would have more risk in occurrence of breast cancer and endometrial cancer when they were adults.

关 键 词：缺铁性贫血 儿童 流行病学 调查 

分 类 号：R556.3[医药卫生—血液循环系统疾病]