建筑外墙外保温材料的研究与应用  

Research Status and Application of External Wall Thermal Insulation Materials

作　　者：胡验君[1,2] 苏振国[1] 杨金龙[1] 

机构地区：[1]清华大学材料科学与工程系新型陶瓷与精细工艺国家重点实验室,北京100084 [2]北京理工大学材料学院,北京100081

出　　处：《材料导报（纳米与新材料专辑）》2012年第2期290-294,共5页

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目(51172120);科技部创新方法工作专项项目(2011IM030800);863课题(2010AA03A408);北京市科技计划(Z101103055010003)

摘　　要：概述了建筑外墙目前常用保温材料的使用性能、应用状况和存在问题,包括有机类的EPS、XPS、PU、PF和无机类的岩棉、泡沫玻璃(陶瓷)、泡沫混凝土。有机保温材料具有低的导热系数,保温性能好,但是易燃、防火等级低,安全性差,需要进行阻燃处理;无机保温材料不燃,防火等级高,安全性能好,但是保温性能不如有机保温材料,需要开发低导热系数的无机保温材料。最后指出,导热系数低、综合性能优异的无机保温材料将成为未来建筑保温材料的首选。The functional performance, application situation, and problems of commonly used building exterior insulation materials are summarized, which includes organic kind （EPS, XPS, PU, PF） and inorganic kind （rock wool, foam glass, foam concrete）. The advantages of organic heat preservation materials are low coefficient of thermal conductivity and good heat preservation performance. However, these materials have flammability, low fire rating, bad safety performance, and the need for flame retardant treatment. While, inorganic heat preservation materials have nonflammability, high fire rating, and good safety performance. Nonetheless, their thermal insulation properties are not as superior as organic heat preservation materials. Therefore, researchers need to develop low coefficient of ther mal conductivity of inorganic heat preservation materials. As a result, relying on its low coefficient of thermal conduc tivity and outstanding comprehensive performance, inorganic thermal insulation materials will become the best choice of building insulation materials in the future.

关 键 词：外墙保温 防火 导热系数 力学性能 

分 类 号：TU55[建筑科学—建筑技术科学]