体细胞重编程研究进展及前景展望  

Research Advances and Forecast Prospect of Somatic Reprogramming

作　　者：蒋明贵[1,2] 汪妹[1,2] 肖亚梅 赵小阳[2] 

机构地区：[1]教育部蛋白质化学和鱼类发育生物学重点实验室,湖南师范大学生命科学学院,长沙410081 [2]计划生育生殖生物学国家重点实验室,中国科学院动物研究所,北京100101

出　　处：《生物物理学报》2012年第11期860-865,共6页Acta Biophysica Sinica

基　　金："973"计划项目(2012CB22305);国家自然科学基金项目(31172399;30871908)~~

摘　　要：体细胞重编程是指已分化的体细胞通过体细胞核移植或转录因子诱导等手段重建其表观遗传标记,恢复胚胎期多能性或全能性状态的过程。由于这一发现革新了人们对发育生物学的理解,同时具有良好的应用前景,今年的诺贝尔生理或医学奖授予了在该领域做出创造性贡献的两位科学家——约翰·戈登(John Gurdon)和山中伸弥(Shinya Yamanaka)。目前广泛使用的体细胞重编程手段主要有体细胞核移植和诱导多能性干细胞。由于诱导多能干细胞(induced pluripotent stem cells,iPS cells)能够分化为机体所有的细胞类型,因此,在药物筛选、疾病病理学研究、细胞替代治疗等领域具有重要的应用价值和前景。本文将简要回顾这一领域的发展过程,并讨论本领域未来面临的主要问题。Nuclear reprogramming is a process erasing a differentiated adult cell＇s epigenetic marks and reverting it to the pluripotent state by somatic cell nuclear transfer or induced pluripotent stem cells. Because this finding reforms our understandings to the development and cell fate determination, and because of its bright application prospect, the Nobel Prize in physiology or medicine 2012 has been awarded to two scientists John Gurdon and Shinya Yamanaka, who contributed to this field creatively. There are two major approaches of nuclear reprogramming： somatic cell nuclear transfer and induced pluripotent stem （iPS） cells. The iPS cells could differentiate into all cell types of the body, it might have wildly applications in drug screening, pathogenesis of diseases and cell therapy. Here we will briefly introduce the developing process of the reprogramming research and its future orientation.

关 键 词：体细胞重编程 体细胞核移植 诱导多能干细胞 

分 类 号：Q343[生物学—遗传学]