5117例院前急救患者流行病学特征及相关分析  

Epidemiological characteristics and related analysis in 5 117cases of pre-hospital emergency patients

作　　者：葛文汉[1] 阮海林[1] 杨春旭[1] 杨家有[1] 

机构地区：[1]广西医科大学第四附属医院急诊科,广西柳州545005

出　　处：《临床急诊杂志》2012年第6期389-392,共4页Journal of Clinical Emergency

基　　金：吴阶平医学基金会临床科研资助基金课题(NO:24-D)

摘　　要：目的:分析广西某大型三甲医院2011年院前急救患者流行病学特征。方法:采用前瞻性资料收集的方法,对我院2011-01-01-2011-12-31院前急救患者的年龄、性别、就诊时间、急诊诊断或主诉等要素进行调查统计分析。结果:2011年我院院前急救患者5117例,男女比1.46:1,年龄49.28±22.26岁;院前死亡患者349例,男女比2.14:1,年龄61.34±18.49岁;院前急救量与院前死亡例数,在时间段分布上,呈显著性线性正相关关系(r=0.689,P=0.013);院前急救患者疾病谱前6位依次为:创伤(34.38%)、神经系统疾病(16.81%)、循环系统疾病(11.47%)、消化系统疾病(7.78%)、其他(7.60%)、中毒(6.59%);院前死亡患者疾病谱前6位依次为:循环系统疾病(30.37%)、神经系统疾病(21.78%)、创伤(18.34%)、消化系统疾病(12.32%)、呼吸系统疾病(7.45%)、其他(2.87%);院前急救30～59岁组与其他年龄组比较,男性更易患创伤和循环系统疾病(P值分别为0.000、0.008)。结论:①院前急救患者流行病学的特点,对指导院前急救工作有重要意义,为疾病监控、预防保健等提供依据;②加强创伤、心脑血管疾病及中毒的宣传教育,普及全民急救知识,实施各种危重病的院前急救演练,提高救治成功率;③加强青中年男性健康和安全防范教育,重点减少创伤和循环系统疾病的发生,使青中年男性的预防保健工作更有针对性。Objective：To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of the pre-hospital care at a large general hospital in Guangxi in 2011.Method：A prospective data collection method was instituted and data including age,sex,visiting time,emergency diagnosis and chief complaint of all the first aid patients in our hospital during 2011 were collected.Result：In 2011,there were 5 117first aid patients visting our hospital and the ratio of male to female was 1.46：1 ;age：49.28±22.26.349patients dead before visting hospital,in whichthe ratio of male to female was 2.14：1 ;age：61.34±18.49.There were significantly positive linear correlations between the number of pre-hospital emergency and the number of pre-hospital deaths within the phases（r=0.689,P=0.013）;the first causes of pre-hospital emergency disease were trauma（34.38%）,nervous system diseases（16.81%）,circulatory system diseases（11.47%）,digestive system diseases（7.78%）,others（7.60%）,poisoning（6.59%）.The first causes of pre-hospital deathwere circulatory system diseases（30.37%）,nervous system diseases（21.78%）,trauma（18.34%）,digestive system diseases（12.32%）,respiratory system diseases（7.45%）,others（2.87%）.Compared with other groups.Male patients between 30and 59were more likely to suffer from trauma and cardiovascular disease（P value were 0.000and 0.008respectively）.Conclusion：①The characteristics of the epidemiology of Pre-hospital patients provide the basis for disease monitoring and prevention,which were important to guide the pre-hospital emergency work.②Strengthen the public education on trauma,cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disease,and poisoning,popularize the nationwide first-aid knowledge,carry out a range of critical care first-aid drill,in order to improve the treatment success rate.③Strengthen health and safety prevention education in young and middle-aged male,reduce the occurrence of trauma and circulatory system disease,which made the health care inyoung and middle-aged male mor

关 键 词：院前急救 流行病学 疾病谱 院前死亡 青中年男性 

分 类 号：R459.7[医药卫生—急诊医学]