湖南湘潭锰矿区蔬菜及菜园土重金属污染研究  

Study on Heavy Metals Pollution in Vegetables and Soils in Xiangtan Manganese Mine

作　　者：云锟[1] 吴德超[1] 翁建兵[2] 朱佳文[3] 

机构地区：[1]成都理工大学,成都610059 [2]常州大学,江苏常州213164 [3]湖南科技大学,湖南湘潭411201

出　　处：《四川环境》2012年第6期22-27,共6页Sichuan Environment

摘　　要：本文对湘潭锰矿红旗分矿开采区和沙圹村恢复区的部分蔬菜(莴笋叶、小白菜、香葱、空心菜)及菜园土中Mn、Pb、Zn 3种重金属含量进行了测定分析。结果表明:根据国家卫生标准和中国食物成分表,从单因子污染指数看,所有蔬菜Zn(Pi<1)没有超标,除了开采区的香葱受Pb(Pi=1.95)轻度污染和恢复区的小白菜受Mn(Pi=2.54)中度污染外,其他都受重污染;用综合污染指数法评价,所有蔬菜都处于5级污染以上属重污染。开采区菜园土中Mn、Pb、Zn平均含量分别为:40839.5 mg/kg、1993.5 mg/kg、556.5 mg/kg;恢复区菜园土Mn、Pb平均含量则是2893.75 mg/kg、2213.5 mg/kg。用国家土壤环境标准的二级标准(Pb、Zn)和湖南省背景值(Mn)作为参照值,从单因子污染指数看,除开采区菜园土受Zn(Pi=2.26)中度污染外,污染指数均大于3,属重污染,两区菜园土综合污染指数都大于3,所以都处于5级污染以上属重污染,相比之下开采区的要更加严重。The contents of heavy metals including Mn, Pb and Zn in vegetables such as lettuce leaves, pakchoi, chive and water spinach as well as in the soils of vegetable farms of a manganese mine area were determined. The results showed that as to the single metal pollution, according to the national health standards and Chinese Food Composition Table, the Zn content （ P~ 〈 1 ） does not exceed the standard for all vegetables; Besides, all vegetables were heavily polluted by other metals excepting that the chive was polluted lightly by Pb （Pi = 1.95） and the pakchoi was polluted with medium level by Mn （ Pi = 2.54）. As to the multi-metal pollutions, all the vegetables were polluted with Level 5 or more, belonging to heavy pollution. The average contents of Mn, Pb and Zn in soils of the vegetable farms in mining area are 40839.5, 1993.5 and 556.5 mg/kg respectively, meanwhile the average contents of Mn and Pb in soils of restored area were 2893.75 and 2213.5 mg/kg respectively. According to the Level 2 standard of the State Soil Environmental Standards （Pb and Zn） and the background data （Mn） in Hunan Province, as to the single metal pollution, all the pollution indexes except for Zn （ Pi = 2.26） in vegetable farms of mining area being medium level, were higher than 3, belong to heavily pollution. All the multi-metal p ollution indexes for two areas were higher than 3, being heavily polluted with more than Level Five, especially for the mining area the pollution was more serious.

关 键 词：湘潭锰矿 蔬菜 菜园土 重金属 污染指数 

分 类 号：X5[环境科学与工程—环境工程]