微纤包覆活性炭复合材料的制备和应用研究  

Preparation and Application of Microfibrous Entrapped Activated Carbon Composites

作　　者：刘剑[1] 鄢瑛[1] 张会平[1] 

机构地区：[1]华南理工大学化学与化工学院,广东广州510641

出　　处：《高校化学工程学报》2012年第6期1032-1036,共5页Journal of Chemical Engineering of Chinese Universities

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(21176086)

摘　　要：以微米尺度的不锈钢纤维、活性炭和针叶木纤维为原料,通过湿法造纸和烧结工艺制备了微纤包覆活性炭复合材料。采用正交试验优化,确定了微纤复合材料的最优制备工艺。利用SEM考察了通过最优制备工艺所得复合材料的微观结构,并采用氮气吸附法测定了原活性炭与微纤复合材料中活性炭的孔径分布和比表面积。结果表明,在活性炭和纤维的质量比为13:6,面积尺寸为6 cm 12 cm的烧结压片质量为212 g,于1050℃下烧结20 min所制得的微纤复合材料炭包覆率达到64.3%。不锈钢纤维的连接处被很好地融合在一起,形成一个烧结锁定的三围网络,将活性炭颗粒很好地包覆起来。活性炭在包覆前后的孔结构特性基本保持不变,比表面积分别为678 m2 g 1和769 m2 g 1。通过在固定床层的进口端和出口端分别装填颗粒活性炭和微纤复合材料形成复合床层,测定了甲苯在此复合床层上的吸附透过曲线,并与颗粒活性炭固定床层的实验结果进行比较。结果表明,在相同的条件下,复合床较传统固定床在1%的透过浓度下吸附透过时间延长了大约15 min。The microfiber entrapped actived carbon composites were prepared by wet layup papermaking technology and sintering process with micro-sized stainless steel fibers, actived carbons and coniferouse wood fibers as raw materials. The orthogonal test was used to optimize the preparation process of the microfibrous composites. The microstructure of the microfibrous composite prepared under the optimized preparation conditions was observed by means of SEM. The pore structure and specific surface area of both the original actived carbon and the actived carbon entrapped in the microfibrous composite were determined by nitrogen adsorption method. The results show that, under the conditions of sintering at 1050℃ for 20 min with the sintering material mass of 212 g, the entrapment ratio of the actived carbon entrapped by the microfibrous composite prepared with the carbon to fiber ratio of 13：6 （W/W） is 64.3%. The junctures of the stainless steel fibers are well welded together to form a sintered-locked three dimensional network which entraps the actived carbon particles. Before and after sintering, the pore size distributions of the actived carbons in the microfibrous composites were basically the same, and the BET surface areas are 678 m2.g-1 and 769 m2.g-1, respectively. The composite bed filled with granular actived carbon was composed by filling the microfibrous composite layers in the inlet and outlet of the bed, respectively. The adsorption breakthrough curve of toluene in the composite bed was tested and compared with that in the fixed bed filled with only granular actived carbon. Under the same condition, in composite bed the breakthrough time of toluene at 1% breakthrough concentration increases about 15 min compared with that in conventional fixed bed.

关 键 词：微纤复合材料 活性炭 正交试验 吸附动力学 

分 类 号：TB383[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程] O647.31[理学—物理化学]