低凝点支链醇生物柴油合成新工艺研究  

Study on the New Synthetic Technology of the Branched-Chain Alcohol Biodiesel with Low-Freezing Point

作　　者：耿再新[1,2] 张苗娟 付丽丽 蒋登高[1] 

机构地区：[1]郑州大学化工与能源学院,河南郑州450001 [2]河南省产品质量监督检验院,河南郑州450004 [3]鑫广再生资源(上海)有限公司,上海201417

出　　处：《高校化学工程学报》2012年第6期1073-1076,共4页Journal of Chemical Engineering of Chinese Universities

摘　　要：针对现行的支链醇生物柴油合成工艺中产品收率低,工艺复杂等问题,提出在不使用任何催化剂的条件下,以油酸为原料,经酰氯化和醇解两步反应合成支链醇生物柴油的新工艺。研究得到合成油酸异丙酯的较佳工艺条件为:反应温度30℃,油酸、氯化亚砜与异丙醇的摩尔比为:1:1.3:1.3,反应时间为2.5 h。合成油酸叔丁酯的较佳工艺条件为:反应温度60℃,油酸、氯化亚砜与叔丁醇的摩尔比为:1:1.4:1.4,反应时间为2.5 h。在较佳工艺条件下,油酸异丙酯和油酸叔丁酯的酯化率可分别达到97.31%和55.18%;其凝点和冷滤点分别为25℃、23℃和14℃、11℃,两种生物柴油均具有良好的低温性能。Current synthesis technology of branched-chain alcohol biodiesel has the problems of low production yield and complex process. To overcome these, a novel process was put forward in this paper. The new process is composed of two step reactions of acyl chloride and alcoholysis with oleic acid as raw material and without using catalyst. It was found that the optimal conditions of synthesizing isopropyl oleate are： reaction temperature 30℃, molar ratio of oleic acid, thionyl chloride and isopropyl alcohol： 1：1.3：1.3, reaction time 2.5 hours. The optimal conditions of synthesizing tert-butyl oleate are： reaction temperature 60℃, molar ratio of oleic acid, thionyl chloride and tert-butyl alcohol： 1：1.4：1.4, reaction time 2.5 hours. Under these conditions, the esterification ratios of oleic acid in synthesizing isopropyl oleate and tert-butyl oleate are 97.31% and 55.18%, and their freezing points and cold filter plugging points are （-25 ℃, -23 ℃） and （-14℃, - 11 ℃）, respectively. Both kinds of synthesized biodiesel show excellent low temperature performance.

关 键 词：支链醇 生物柴油 合成工艺 低温性能 

分 类 号：TQ517.2[化学工程]