运动专长研究现状及未来展望  

The movement specialty research situation and the outlook for the future

作　　者：杨勇涛[1] 张忠秋[2] 林玲[3] 

机构地区：[1]上海体育学院运动科学学院,上海200438 [2]国家体育总局体育科学研究所,北京100061 [3]武汉体育学院,湖北武汉430079

出　　处：《成都体育学院学报》2012年第12期45-52,共8页Journal of Chengdu Sport University

基　　金：国家体育总局科研所基本科研业务费资助项目(项目编号:基本12-23);上海体育学院研究生科研创新计划资助项目(课题编号:yjscx201005)

摘　　要：运动专长是运动心理学领域的研究热点。已有研究多集中在与运动专长相关的特征方面,如与决策相关的注意、视觉搜索行为,再认或回忆等,近些年也开始探讨运动专长的神经机制及影响运动专长发展的因素,如训练时间、内容、出生和成长环境。在研究方法上,已有研究多采用口语报告、按键反应、时间和空间阻断技术等研究方法,它们都有一些无法克服的缺陷,如采用按键反应会忽略被试真实动作下的机制,而时间和空间阻断技术则会遗漏一些关键的信息和身体的真实反应,这些都使研究的生态学效度偏低。虚拟现实技术能够对运动场景进行模拟,可以解决运动专长研究中的方法学效度不高的问题。另对研究中存在的不足和方法的缺陷进行了述评,未来研究应该重点关注运动专长的神经机制,以及借助虚拟现实技术对运动专长进行深入研究。the movement specialty is the research focus in the field of sports psychology. Many studies have focused on and exercise expertise relevant features, such as and decision related note, visual search behavior, recognition or memories, etc. , in recent years also began to explore the movement specialty neural mechanisms and influencing the movement specialty development factors, such as training time, content, birth and growth environment. In research method, studies have used more oral report, the key reaction, time and space blocking technology, research methods, they all have some defects can not be overcome, such as the key reaction will ignore try real action of mechanism, and the time and space blocking technology will be missing some key information and the body＇s real reaction, all of these make the ecology research low -validity cases. Virtual reality technology to simulate the movement scene can be solved in the study of the movement specialty methodology validity is not high question. The other to of the insufficiency in research and methods of defect is discussed, and the future research should focus on the movement specialty neural mechanisms, and with the aid of virtual reality technology on sports expertise in - depth research.

关 键 词：运动专长 虚拟现实技术 神经机制 

分 类 号：G804.8[文化科学—运动人体科学]