昆虫中肠围食膜构造和功能的研究进展  

Research Progress of Structure and Function of Insect Midgut Peritrophic Membrane

作　　者：胡小龙[1] 吴小锋[1] 

机构地区：[1]浙江大学动物科学学院,杭州310058

出　　处：《蚕业科学》2012年第6期1110-1117,共8页ACTA SERICOLOGICA SINICA

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展计划"973"项目(No.2012CB1146-00)

摘　　要：围食膜(peritrophic membrane,PM)是无脊椎动物消化道特有的一种半透性膜状结构。昆虫的PM是由中肠上皮细胞分泌形成的一层由蛋白质、多糖和几丁质微纤维组成的蛋白质多糖基质膜,它将食物和中肠上皮细胞分隔开。昆虫的PM有Ⅰ型和Ⅱ型2种类型。Ⅰ型PM是由整个中肠细胞分泌形成的层状管状膜,可以从整个中肠完全剥离,在某些情况下,可能只在被饲喂食物和摄下食物时形成。Ⅱ型PM是由中肠前部特异性区域贲门处的特殊细胞分泌形成的连续的套筒状膜,且一直存在。处于食物与中肠上皮细胞之间的PM可以保护中肠上皮细胞免受机械损伤以及病原菌和毒素的入侵,并作为半透性膜将中肠分为不同的区室在营养物质的消化和吸收等方面起重要作用。本文综述了有关昆虫PM的结构、组分、功能以及与害虫防治的关系等方面的研究进展。The peritrophic membrane（PM） is a special semipermeable membrane structure in digestive tract of invertebrates.The PM in insects is a layer of proteoglycan matrix membrane composed of proteins,polysaccharide,and chitin microfiber.It is secreted and formed by the intestinal epithelium cells of the midgut and separates food from the midgut epithelium cells.There are two types of PM in insects.Type Ⅰ PM is the layered tubular membrane secreted by all of intestinal cells lining the midgut.It can be completely stripped off from the entire midgut.In some cases,it may only be formed in response to feeding and the type of food ingested.Type Ⅱ PM is a continuous sleeve-shaped membrane secreted by the special cells at gush region of the anterior midgut,and is always present.As it is positioned between food and midgut epithelial cells,PM protects the midgut epithelial cells from mechanical damage and invasion of pathogens and toxin,and acts as a semipermeable membrane separating the midgut into different compartments,thereby playing important roles in digestion and absorption of nutrient substances.This paper reviews the structure,composition,functions,and the relationship to pest control of PM in insects.

关 键 词：昆虫 中肠 围食膜 结构 蛋白质 功能作用 害虫防治 

分 类 号：S433[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]