秋水仙素诱导抗枯1号香蕉多倍体试验  

In vitro polyploid induction of banana Kangku 1 using colchicine

作　　者：谭平[1] 唐晓华[2] 劳世辉[3] 魏岳荣[3] 洪林[1] 

机构地区：[1]重庆市农业科学院果树研究所,重庆402260 [2]重庆市农业综合开发办公室,重庆400020 [3]广东省农业科学院果树研究所,广州510000

出　　处：《南方农业学报》2012年第11期1718-1722,共5页Journal of Southern Agriculture

基　　金：科技部国际合作项目(2009DFA31470);国家科技部科技支撑计划项目(2010GB2F100391)

摘　　要：【目的】通过多倍体诱导途径为香蕉育种提供新型种质资源。【方法】以抗枯1号香蕉胚性细胞悬浮系(ECS)为材料,利用秋水仙素进行多倍体诱导,探讨在秋水仙素不同浓度、不同处理时间条件下多倍体的获得情况。【结果】在未采用秋水仙素处理的条件下,抗枯1号香蕉ECS在继代培养过程中存在一定比例的染色体数目自然变异,变异率为11.76%;而秋水仙素处理后再生苗的染色体数目变异率介于76.92%～100.00%,且有少量的嵌合体再生植株;不同浓度秋水仙素及处理时间获得的再生苗数及其变异率不同,其中以0.1%秋水仙素处理12h的效果较好,共获得3株六倍体植株,且能得到大量非整倍体变异。【结论】通过秋水仙素诱导香蕉ECS获得再生加倍值株是可行的。Objective This study aimed to obtain polyploidy banana by chemical introduction in order to provide new banana breeding germplasm resources.Method In this research,the embryogenic cell suspension（ECS） of banana Kangku 1 was treated with colchicine at different concentrations and induction times.The corresponding results were recorded and analyzed.Result The results showed that some types of chromosome natural variation occurred at the ECS subculture stage.During this occurrence,the variation proportion reached up to 11.76%.On the other hand,the chromosome variation of treated regenerated seedlings was at a higher rate of 76.92%～100.00% while accompanying with a small amount of chimera regeneration plants.Considering the numbers of regenerated seedlings and the variation proportion,the best effect could be obtained after treating the ECS with 0.1% colchicine for 12 hours.Three hexaploid banana plants and large number of aneuploid variation plants were successfully identified from the regenerated seedlings.Conclusion The natural variation of banana was produced during the subculture of Kangku 1 ECS,and the efficiency of polyploidy induction increased.The best treatment amongst all the ones tested was treating the ECS with 0.1% colchicine concentration for 12 hours.

关 键 词：香蕉 多倍体 秋水仙素 胚性悬浮细胞 再生植株 六倍体植株 

分 类 号：S668.1[农业科学—果树学]