美国国家创新体系及创新战略研究  

A Study on the National Innovation System of America and its Innovation Strategy

作　　者：杨东德[1] 滕兴华 

机构地区：[1]北京行政学院工商管理教研部,北京100044 [2]经济日报社财务部,北京100054

出　　处：《北京行政学院学报》2012年第6期77-82,共6页Journal of Beijing administration institute

摘　　要：美国在20世纪领导了世界创新,从而也领导了世界经济。美国之所以能够领导世界创新,源于其高效运行的国家创新体系。美国国家创新体系是一个主要由企业、大学、联邦科研机构、非营利性科研机构、各级政府以及中介服务机构等构成的高度成熟的"官产学研"互动网络,它具有有效配置创新资源的市场、高度完善的创新环境、为创新保驾护航的政府等特征。美国国家创新体系之所以能够高效运行,是因为美国有着超前的国家创新战略。借鉴美国的国家创新体系与国家创新战略,有助于我国具有中国特色的国家创新体系的建立,有助于实现我国到2020年建设成创新型国家的战略目标。The United States of America led the world＇s economies in the 20th century because it led the world in innovation.America＇s lead in innovation roots in the efficient operation of the national innovation system.American national innovation system is mainly composed of enterprises,universities,federal research agencies,non-profit scientific research institutions,government and intermediary service institutions,which constitute a highly sophisticate interactive network for ＂government-enterprise-university-research＂.It can be characterized by the market which can effectively allocate innovation resources,the highly perfect innovation environment,and the government which can escort innovation.The reason why the American national innovation system can run effectively is that the United States has advanced innovation strategies.Learning from the American national innovation system and the innovation strategy will help us establish a national innovation system with Chinese characteristics and achieve the strategic goal of constructing China into an innovative country by 2020.

关 键 词：国家创新体系 创新战略 创新环境 国家创新政策 企业创新 

分 类 号：D035-3[政治法律—政治学]