不可移动石质文物化学清洗的操作工艺  

Research on standard processes of chemical cleaning of stone relics

作　　者：刘仁植[1] 张秉坚[1,2] 张润平 

机构地区：[1]浙江大学化学系,浙江杭州310027 [2]浙江大学文博系,浙江杭州310027 [3]云冈石窟研究院,山西大同037007

出　　处：《文物保护与考古科学》2012年第4期86-94,共9页Sciences of Conservation and Archaeology

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划(2009BAK53B05);浙江省文物保护专项资金资助(浙财教字[2012]200号)

摘　　要：本工作属于国家科技支撑计划课题"石窟文物表面有害污物清除技术研究"的内容之一,旨在为起草《不可移动石质文物表面污染物化学清洗工艺规范》作准备。为了使研究基础更为广泛和扎实,结合在实验室和云冈石窟现场的化学清洗实验,综合评述了国内外石质文物化学清洗的工艺要求和规程,包括前期调研、清洗剂选择、贴敷技术、效果与安全性评估、实验室研究和现场小试验等内容,探讨了与石质文物化学清洗操作工艺相关的正面和反面的典型案例,为石质文物化学清洗操作工艺的规范化提供借鉴。This research was conducted as part of the National Technology Support Project ＇ Research on the clean- ing of harmful surface residues in the stone grotto＇ , and is prepared as a draft of ＇ Standard chemical cleaning pro- cedures to clean surface pollution on immovable stone relics＇. In order to get an extensive and in -depth under- standing of the subject, the experiences with laboratory chemical cleaning and on - site chemical cleaning at Yunga- ng grotto is discussed. International chemical cleaning technique requirements and processes were reviewed. Also included were preliminary field investigations, criteria for selection of cleaners, glue and attachment techniques, e- valuation of results, laboratory research and on - site tests. Positive and negative factors related to the chemical cleaning of stone relics are discussed. This work, therefore, provides useful information for the development of standards for chemical cleaning of stone relics.

关 键 词：石质文物 化学清洗 操作工艺 施工 规程 

分 类 号：K877.4[历史地理—考古学及博物馆学]