广西地区群发性与散发性急性中毒特点研究  

Comparative Study on the Process Characteristics of Group-acute-poisoning and Sporadic-acute-poisoning in Guangxi Area

作　　者：蒋东方[1] 胡德宏[1] 张振明[1] 刘清华[2] 

机构地区：[1]广西壮族自治区职业病防治研究院,广西南宁市530021 [2]广西医科大学

出　　处：《中国全科医学》2012年第35期4115-4117,共3页Chinese General Practice

基　　金：广西壮族自治区卫生厅重点项目(重200932)

摘　　要：目的探讨广西地区群发性与散发性急性中毒的特点。方法选取2005—2009年广西11个市的36家市级医院、12家县级医院和15个乡镇卫生院收治的急性中毒患者6 010例为研究对象,其中群发组641例,散发组5 369例。由专家制定调查方案与表格,统计中毒地点(家里、学校、工作场地、餐馆、娱乐场所或其他)、中毒原因(意外性、职业性、误食性、医疗性、自杀性或其他)、毒物类别(化学类、农药类、医药类、植物类、动物类、感染类或其他)、中毒程度(轻、中、重度)、治疗效果(治愈、后遗症、死亡)。结果群发组与散发组中毒地点构成比较,差异有统计学意义(χ2=1 408.57,P=0.00);两组家里、学校、工作场地、餐馆和其他场地中毒率比较,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。群发组与散发组中毒原因构成比较,差异有统计学意义(χ2=527.46,P=0.00);两组意外性、误食性、医疗性、自杀性和其他原因中毒发生率比较,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。群发组与散发组毒物类别构成比较,差异有统计学意义(χ2=1 276.14,P=0.00);两组化学类、农药类、医药类、植物类、动物类、感染类和其他类毒物中毒发生率比较,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。群发组与散发组不同中毒程度比较,差异有统计学意义(u=-12.50,P=0.00)。群发组与散发组治疗效果比较,差异无统计学意义(u=-0.41,P=0.68)。结论群发性急性中毒的人群聚集性较强,对毒物的"未知性"较明显,致中毒毒物种类多,中毒程度较轻;而散发性急性中毒,中毒环境的人群聚集性较弱,中毒原因较多,对毒物多有所认识,致中毒的毒物种类较少,中毒程度较重。Objective To study the process characteristics of group - acute - poisoning and sporadic - acute - poison- ing in Guangxi area. Methods 6 010 patients with acute poisoning admitted to 36 municipal hospitals, 12 county hospitals and 15 rural hospitals from 11 cities in Guangxi province were divided into group- acute -poisoning group （641 cases） and sporadic -acute -poisoning group （5 369 cases）. Investigating plan and table were formulated by experts to collect poisoning sites （home, school, working place, restaurants, entertainment places and others）, poisoning reasons （accidental, occupational, false- feeding, medicine, suicide and others）, poison category （chemical, pesticide, medical, plants, animal, infection and others）, poisoning degree （mild, medium and severe） and efficacy （cure, sequel and death）. Results The difference of poisoning sites between the two groups were statistically significant （ χ2 = 1 408.57, P = 0. 00）. The incidence of poisoning at home, school, working place, restaurants and other places between group - acute - poisoning group and sporadic - acute - poi- soning group all showed statistically significant differences （ P 〈 0. 05 ）. The difference of poisoning reasons between the two groups were statistically significant （χ2 =527.46, P =0.00）. The incidence of poisoning for accidental, occupational, false - feeding, medical, suicidal and other reasons between the two groups also all showed statistically significant differences （P 〈 0. 05）. The difference of poison categories between the two groups was significant different （χ2 = 1 276. 14, P = 0. 00）. The incidence of poisoning fell into chemical, pesticide, medical, plants, animal, infection and other categories between the two groups all showed statistically significant differences （P 〈 0. 05 ）. The poisoning degrees between the two groups all showed statis- tically significant differences （u = -12. 50, P = 0. 00）. The treatment efficacy between the two groups showed no s

关 键 词：中毒 毒物 治疗结果 

分 类 号：R595.5[医药卫生—内科学]