中山市气传花粉调查  

Airborne Pollens in Zhongshan City

作　　者：汪叶红[1] 肖晓雄[1] 詹志鹏[1] 王良录[1,2] 付四毛[1] 王桂兰[1] 黄娟[1] 林嘉标[1] 

机构地区：[1]南方医科大学附属中山市博爱医院儿科,广东中山528400 [2]中国医学科学院 北京协和医院 北京协和医院变态反应科,北京100730

出　　处：《中华临床免疫和变态反应杂志》2012年第4期261-265,共5页Chinese Journal of Allergy & Clinical Immunology

基　　金：广东省中山市科学技术局研究发展项目(2009IA075)

摘　　要：目的探讨中山市气传花粉飘散的种类、数量及规律,以指导本地区对花粉症的预防、诊断及免疫治疗。方法采用重力沉降法自制取样器,于2007年在中山市城区进行1年每日花粉曝片调查。结果全年共收集曝片315张,花粉总计数13222粒/1000mm2,花粉种类48种,其中禾本科花粉含量最高,占花粉总计数的27.61%;其次是松属,占26.55%。花粉计数月高峰分布在3月,该月花粉量占全年花粉总计数的31.73%,花粉种类主要为松属、杉柏科、构属和木麻黄科花粉。其次分别为11月及2月,花粉量分别占14.45%及14.37%。11月主要气传花粉为禾本科,2月主要花粉种类与3月相同。结论中山市空气中花粉飘散的数量、种类多,且常年均有飘散;花粉高峰以春季为主;禾本科及松属为该地区优势气传花粉。Objective To investigate the classification, amount, and seasonal distribution of airborne pollens, forming the basis of prevention, diagnosis, and specific immunotherapy of pollinosis in Zhongshan City, Guangdong Province. Methods Daily airborne pollen monitoring was performed by Gravitational Method by using Ye＇ s Sampler from January 1st, to December 31st, 2007. Results 13 222 grains of pollens/1 000 2 mm were collected in 315 slides. Forty-eight kinds of the pollens of plants can be identified under microscope. The most abundant airborne pollen is Gramineae, accounting for as much as 27.61%, which was followed by Pinus, accounting for as much as 26.55%. Peak value of mensal pollen count was seen in March, which was followed by in November and in February. The major airborne pollens were tree pollens such as Pinus, Taxodiaceae, Cupressaceae, Broussonetia and Casuarinaceae in March, accounting for as much as 31.73%. The major airborne pollens were Gramineae pollens in November, and similar to in March in February, accounting for 14. 45% and 14.37% respectively. Conclusions Airborne pollens can be collected during the whole year in Zhongshan City, which are abundant both in mount and kinds. Spring is the major pollen season, whereas Gramineae and Pinus pollen are the most the most abundant airborne pollens in mount in this area.

关 键 词：气传花粉 中山市 花粉计数 花粉症 季节播散规律 

分 类 号：R181.3[医药卫生—流行病学]