抗生素对肺、肝、肾和胰腺组织穿透能力及杀菌效力的实验研究  

The Penetration of Antibiotics into the Lung,Liver,Kidney and Pancreas and Their Tissue Bactericidal Indexes

作　　者：马楠[1] 崔德建[1] 吕国平[1] 邓群[1] 黎沾良[1] 陆连荣[1] 祝小枫[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国人民解放军304医院,北京100037

出　　处：《天津医药》2000年第5期288-290,共3页Tianjin Medical Journal

摘　　要：目的:测定头孢唑肟等7种抗生素对肺、肝、肾和胰腺组织的穿透能力,为临床选择用药提供参考。方法:小鼠灌服或静脉注射抗生素后在不同时间点采集血清、肺、肝、肾和胰腺组织标本,按微生物琼脂扩散法测定抗生素浓度。测定抗生素对6种常见病原菌的最小抑菌浓度(MIC_(90))。计算出抗生素对组织的穿透率(组织浓度/血清浓度)及在组织中的杀菌指数(组织浓度/MIC_(90))。结果:抗生素对肺、肝、肾和胰腺组织的穿透率分别是:头孢唑肟为60%、99%、202.7%和44.6%,头孢曲松为121.9%、92.4%、199.3%和22%,头孢哌酮为77.8%、408.8%、229.2%和33.3%,头孢布烯为29.0%、17.2%、132.3%和0,氨曲南为94.3%、472.9%、161.7%和82.7%,奈替米星为38.6%、5.8%、72.4%和8.7%,万古霉素为95.4%、11.6%、148.5%和9%。结论:氨曲南、头孢唑肟、头孢曲松和头孢哌酮适用于肺、肝、肾和胰腺组织细菌感染。头孢布烯、奈替米星和万古霉素在肺、泌尿系感染中有较好抗菌效果,但在肝、胰组织中浓度低,难望有好的疗效。Objective:To examine the penetration activity to lung, liver,kidney and pancreas and tissue bactericidal indexes of 7 antibiotics. Methods:Kunming mice received intravenous bolus of azotreonam,ceftizoxime,ceftriaxone,cefoperazone,neltimi-cin and vancomycin and oral bolus of ceftibuten,respectively,and serum,pulmonary,hepatic and pancreatic tissue concentra-tions of the antibiotics were measured by microbiological agar diffusion method in 15,30, 60,120 min, respectively. The MIC90 of above-mentioned drugs for common causative pathogens were determined. Penetration rates(tissue concentration/ serum concentration)and bactericidal indexes(tissue concentration/MIC,BI)were calculated. Results:Drug penetration rates into pulmonary,hepatic, renal and pancreatic tissues were: 94.3% ,472.9% , 161.7% and 82.7% respectively for aztreo-nam,60%,99%,202.7% and 44.6% for ceftizoxime, 121.9% , 92.4% , 199.3% and 22% for ceftriaxone, 77.8% , 408.8%,229.2% and 33.3% for cefoperazone, 29.0% , 17.2% . 132.3% and 0 for ceftibuten, 38.6% , 5.8% ,72.4% and8.7% for netilmicin,and 95.4%, 11.6% ,148.5% and 9% for vancomycin. Aztreonam,ceftizoxime, ceftriaxone and cefoperazone had high bactericidal indexes( >100)to enterobacteraceae in lung, liver and pancreas. Conclusion: Aztreonam, ceftizoxime,ceftriaxone and cefoperazone could be effective for treating bacterial infections in lung, liver, kidney and pancre-as; ceftibuten, netilmicin and vancomycin effective for infections in lung and kidney, but failed to give high concentration in liver and pancreas.

关 键 词：抗生素 穿透性 穿透能力 灭菌效力 

分 类 号：R978.1[医药卫生—药品]