光周期诱导园艺植物成花机理及花期调控综述  

Mechanism of Flower-bud Formation and Flowering Regulation of Horticultural Plants Induced by Photoperiod

作　　者：王志清[1] 潘步昌[1] 

机构地区：[1]西昌学院农业科学学院,四川西昌615013

出　　处：《四川林勘设计》2012年第4期12-16,共5页Sichuan Forestry Exploration and Design

摘　　要：根据植物对光周期的反应,可将其分为长日植物、短日植物、中日性植物和中间型植物,而由于暗期长度才是决定植物成花的决定因素,长日植物应为短夜植物,短日植物应为长夜植物。植物由营养生长向生殖生长转换的过程称为成花诱导,据研究,成花诱导有4种途径,光周期途径是其中之一,也是研究得最清楚的一种途径,另外3种途径为春化途径、赤霉素途径及自助促进途径。文章从光受体、生物钟组分及相关基因等方面介绍了光周期诱导植物成花的分子机制。以这4种途径为理论依据,在温度、光照、植物生长物质及栽培管理等方面上对植物进行处理,便达到了花期调控的目的。Plants can be grouped into four categories： long-day plant, short-day plant, intermediate-day plant and day-neutral plant according to their different re- actions to photoperiod. Because the length of darkness is the crucial factor deter- mining plant＇s flower-bud formation, long-day plant should be named short-night plant, short-day plant should be named long-night plant. The course of transfor- mation from vegetative growth to reproductive growth is termed floral induction. There are four pathways in floral induction such as photoperiod, vernalization, gibberellin and autonomous promoting. Photoperiod pathway is the best studied pathway. This paper introduced the molecular mechanism of plant flower-bud for- mation induced by photoperiod from three aspects： photoreceptor, biological clock components and some relevant genes. Flowering regulation is feasible by control- ling temperature, light, plant growth substance and management.

关 键 词：光周期 成花诱导 光受体 花期调控 

分 类 号：S566.103.5[农业科学—作物学]