北京市东城区九所中小学校学生烟草使用情况  

Tobacco use status among nine primary and middle school students in Dongcheng district, Beijing

作　　者：韩霄[1] 黄剑辉[1] 马莉蓉[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京市东城区疾病预防控制中心,100009

出　　处：《首都公共卫生》2012年第6期265-269,共5页Capital Journal of Public Health

摘　　要：目的为了解北京市东城区中小学生的烟草使用情况和烟草相关健康知识及态度,分析烟草使用的影响因素及预期吸烟行为,为今后开展控烟工作提供依据。方法采用描述性研究方法,分层整群随机抽取东城区小学、各类中学共计9所学校941名学生,以匿名自填式问卷调查方式对其进行调查。结果有效问卷899份(95.54%),中小学生现在吸烟率为4.34%,尝试吸烟率为16.93%,尝试吸烟年龄在入学前至小学低年级阶段的占近40%。46.03%的学生暴露在被动吸烟的环境中;83.43%的学生知晓吸烟有害健康,但仍然存在认知误区,随学段的升高吸烟相关健康知识的知晓率呈现递减趋势;拒烟行为及劝阻吸烟行为形成率分别为91.77%和81.65%;中小学生对吸烟的心理预期为一年后吸烟占7.01%,长大后吸烟占14.46%。结论中小学生烟草使用状况应引起足够的重视,应该加强无烟学校、无烟家庭及无烟社区的建设,有针对性的开展健康教育,加强控烟活动的参与性。Objective To understand tobacco use status, knowledge and attitudes on tobacco, influent factors and expected smoking behaviors among primary and middle school students in Dongeheng district of Beijing, in order to provide evidence for future tobacco control efforts. Methods The descriptive study method was employed in this study. Totally 941 students selected from 9 elementary and secondary schools through stratified cluster random sampling were investigated by self administered anonymous questionnaire. Results There were 899 valid questionnaires with a response rate of 95.54% in this survey. Overall 16. 93% students had the experience in tobacco using,and the rate of current smoking was 4.34%. Nearly 40% of them had tried smoking at the age of before or after entering primary school, and 46. 03% experienced passive smoking exposure. Among them, 83.43% had the knowledge that smoking was harmful to their health. With the increase of grade in school, the awareness rate of the smoking-related health knowledge showed a decrease trend. The rate of anti-smoking behavior and discouraging smoking behavior were 91.77% and 81.65% respectively. There were 7.01% students who expected to smoke after one year, while 14.46% expected to smoke after growing up. Conclusion Tobacco use status of primary and middleschool students should be drew more attention. The constructions of the smoke-free in schools, in families and in communities also should be enhanced. Meanwhile, relative education and participation of tobacco control should be encouraged.

关 键 词：烟草使用 学生 分层整群随机抽样 

分 类 号：R163.2[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学]