施肥对设施菜地氨氧化细菌群落和丰度的影响  

Effects of Fertilization Treatments on Community Structure and Abundance of Ammonia-oxidizing Bacteria in Greenhouse Soil

作　　者：王亚男[1] 曾希柏[1] 俄胜哲[2] 白玲玉[1] 李莲芳[1] 苏世鸣[1] 沈灵凤[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院农业环境与可持续发展研究所农业部农业环境重点实验室,北京100081 [2]甘肃省农业科学院土壤肥料与节水农业研究所,兰州730070

出　　处：《农业环境科学学报》2012年第12期2425-2432,共8页Journal of Agro-Environment Science

基　　金："十二五"国家科技支撑计划2012BAD05B06;公益性科研院所(中国农业科学院农业环境与可持续发展研究所)专项资金

摘　　要：以甘肃武威设施菜地为对象,采用amoA基因末端限制性片段多态性分析（PCR-TRFLP）技术与实时荧光定量PCR（Real-time PCR）相结合的方法,研究了不同施肥处理下土壤中氨氧化细菌群落组成和丰度的变化。结果表明：设施菜地中氨氧化细菌的优势种群均为Nitrosospira cluster 3属,亦含有少量Nitrosomanas cluster 7属。定量PCR分析发现在当地农民习惯施肥用量一半的处理下（1/2MNPK）,0~20cm和20~40cm土层中氨氧化细菌的丰度最大值分别为每克干土9.95×107、6.65×107拷贝数,比不施肥处理增加了105.0%和315.3%。施肥类型、土壤层次均是导致氨氧化细菌群落结构和丰度变化的重要因素。研究结果对进一步探讨设施栽培条件下氨氧化细菌的功能、环境适应机理及其在土壤氮素循环中的作用等,均具有较大的参考意义。The effects of five fertilization treatments on the community structure and abundance of ammonia-oxidizing bacteria（AOB） were determined by the combination of terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism（T-RFLP） and real-time quantitative PCR in the green-house soils in Wuwei City of Gansu Province.The results by cloning and sequencing of amoA gene fragments showed that the AOB communi-ty in soils for all treatments consisted of two major groups,i.e.Nitrosospira cluster 3 and Nitrosomanas cluster 7.The sequences related to Ni-trosospira cluster 3 were predominant.The highest abundance of the AOB both in 0~20 cm and 20~40 cm soil layers were detected in the fer-tilization treatment which is the half of the farmer＇s conventional amoun（t 1/2MNPK）,while the amoA gene copy number was with 9.95×10 7 and 6.65×10 7 copies·g-1 soil respectively,which was 105.0% and 315.3% higher respectively in 0~20 cm and 20~40 cm soil layers for 1/2MNPK treatment than that in the unfertilized treatment.Both fertilizer types and soil layers were the important factors that deduced the changes of AOB community and abundance.The results had significant references to the further exploring characteristic and adaptation mechanism of AOB in the soil nitrogen cycle under facility cultivation conditions.

关 键 词：氨氧化细菌 施肥 群落结构 T-RFLP 实时荧光定量PCR 

分 类 号：S154.36[农业科学—土壤学]