旱莲草对水稻产量性状的影响及其防治经济阈值  

Effect of Eclipta prostrata on rice yield properties and estimation of economic threshold for control of the weed

作　　者：朱文达[1] 张宏军[2] 何燕红[3] 孙亚林 魏守辉[5] 张朝贤[5] 

机构地区：[1]湖北省农业科学院植保土肥研究所,武汉430064 [2]农业部农药鉴定所,北京100026 [3]华中农业大学园艺林学学院,园艺植物生物学教育部重点实验室,武汉430070 [4]武汉市农业科学研究院蔬菜科学研究所,武汉430065 [5]中国农业科学院植物保护研究所,北京100193

出　　处：《植物保护学报》2012年第6期556-560,共5页Journal of Plant Protection

基　　金：“十一五”国家科技支撑计划(2006BAD08A09);国家科技重大专项(2008ZX08011-001)

摘　　要：为明确大田条件下旱莲草对水稻生长和产量的影响和为其防治提供有效经济参数,采用添加系列试验和模型拟合的方法研究不同旱莲草密度下水稻田间透光率、水稻株高和产量性状的变化。当旱莲草密度≥2株/m2时,田间透光率显著降低,且随着旱莲草密度增加,水稻有效穗数、穗长、穗粒数等显著降低,空粒率显著增加,导致产量显著下降。二次曲线模型y=-0.0189x2+2.3546x+2.0819能很好地拟合旱莲草密度与水稻产量损失间的关系。人工拔除方法和10%苄嘧磺隆WP防除旱莲草,其经济危害允许水平分别为22.22%和4.67%,经济阈值分别为9.3株/m2和1.1株/m2。In order to understand the effect of eclipta, Eclipta prostrata on rice growth and yield, and to provide effective economic parameters for the control of E. prostrata, a field experiment was carried out to study the change of light penetration rate, rice height and yield properties with different densities of E. prostrata by the methods of additive series experiment and curve fits. The results showed that while the density of E. prostrata ≥2 plant/m2, the light penetration rate was reduced significantly. The significant decrease of the effective ear number, ear length and ear grain number and the significant increase of blighted grain number lead to the remarkable decline of rice yield associated with the increasing density of E. prostrata. The quadratic model （y = -0. 0189x^2 ＋ 2. 3546x ＋2. 0819） could well fit the relation be- tween the rice yield loss and the weed density. The economic infestation level for the E. prostrata by man- ual weeding was 22.22% , and its related economic threshold were 9.3 plant/m^2, while for the chemicalherbicides of 10% bensulfuron-methyl WP, the economic infestation level and related economic threshold were 4.67% and 1.1 plant/m^2, respectively.

关 键 词：旱莲草 水稻 产量性状 经济阈值 

分 类 号：S511[农业科学—作物学]