植物抗病毒分子机制的研究进展  

Advances in Molecular Mechanism of Plant Resistance to Viruses

作　　者：孔君[1] 杜智欣[1,2] 朱水芳[1] 鲁洁[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国检验检疫科学研究院植物检疫研究所,北京100029 [2]中国农业大学农学与生物技术学院,北京100193

出　　处：《生物技术通报》2012年第11期15-20,共6页Biotechnology Bulletin

基　　金：中国检验检疫科学研究院基本科研业务费专项资金资助项目(2011JK002)

摘　　要：植物在进化过程中为微生物提供了丰富的物质环境,微生物的生存依赖于植物的生物合成和产生能量的能力。有近450种植物致病病毒,可导致一系列的疾病。但植物不是被动地面对病毒的攻击,而是进化了精细而有效的防御机制来抵抗、限制或损害病毒的感染。植物抗病基因(R-gene)可以抵抗包括病毒在内的多种病原体。由特定病毒而引发的防御反应是先天固有的,而且研究人员已经鉴定了与这种防御反应相关的细胞学和生理学特性。作为抵抗外来核酸(包括病毒)的重要细胞防御途径,RNA沉默近来获得了显著性的研究进展。在植物中这些途径的协同作用有效地防御了病毒的感染。In the evolution process,plants have provided a rich environment for microorganisms that are eager to capitalize on the plants’biosynthetic and energy-producing capabilities.There are approximately 450 species of plant-pathogenic viruses,which cause a range of diseases.However,plants have not been passive in the face of these assaults,but have developed elaborate and effective defence mechanisms to prevent,limit,or damage viral infection.Plant resistance genes（R-gene）confer resistance to various pathogens,including viruses.The defence response that is initiated after detection of a specific virus is stereotypical,and the cellular and physiological features associated with it have been well characterized.Recently,RNA silencing has gained prominence as an important cellular pathway for defence against foreign nucleic acids,including viruses.These pathways function in concert to result in effective protection against virus infection in plants.

关 键 词：植物病毒 R基因 RNA沉默 抑制子 

分 类 号：S432[农业科学—植物病理学]