中段尿在常温下保存时间对培养结果的影响研究  

The influence of preservation period of midstream urine on its culture results at regular temperature

作　　者：胡丽庆[1,2] 吕鹏[3] 周永列[4] 王盛[4] 

机构地区：[1]温州医学院,浙江温州325035 [2]宁波市第一医院检验科,浙江宁波315010 [3]大连医科大学第二医院实验中心,辽宁大连116027 [4]浙江省人民医院检验医学中心,浙江杭州310014

出　　处：《中国微生态学杂志》2012年第12期1097-1099,共3页Chinese Journal of Microecology

基　　金：浙江省医药卫生科学基金资助项目(2011KYB099)

摘　　要：目的探讨临床尿液标本不同放置时间对细菌培养结果的影响,明确尿液标本合理保存时间,加强对标本细菌培养前的保存时间控制。方法随机选取114份患者尿液标本,比较其在新鲜尿液即刻培养结果和室温(22～25℃)的环境中各放置0.5、1、2、3、4和5 h等不同时间点细菌培养结果的分离率差异,采用样本率与总体率(新鲜尿液培养的分离率)的差别检验(|u|和P)分析其是否具有统计学意义。结果新鲜尿液即刻培养与放置0.5 h培养结果分离率差异无统计学意义(38.6%);之后随放置时间延长分离率逐渐升高,2 h接种标本分离率为43%,差异无统计意义(|u|=0.9489,P>0.05);放置3、4和5 h后接种标本分离率分别为50.9%、55.3%和63.2%,呈显著增高(|u|值分别为2.627、3.586和5.446,P值均小于0.01)。结论在常温下不同的保存时间对培养结果有着重要影响,尤其在2 h后影响更为显著。准确有价值的培养结果,与标本合理的存放时间有极大的关系,加强尿液培养前阶段的保存时间控制非常重要。Objective To explore the effect of different urine storage periods on the results of clinical urine culture and improve the storage time peirod control of urine before cultivation.Methods One hundred and fourteen patients′ urine specimens were collected from our hospital randomly;the bacterial isolating rates were compared between the fresh urine cultivated immediately and those cultivated after standing for 0.5 h,1 h,2 h,3 h,4 h and 5 h at room temperature（22~25 ℃）.The statistical significance were analyzed by the rate difference statistics test（｜u｜ and P）.Results There was no obvious difference in the isolating rates between the cultivations at 0 hour and 0.5 hour（38.6 %）;With the standing time increased,the rate gradually raised,reaching 43% at 2 h,but the difference was not significant（｜u｜=0.9489,P0.05）;After standing for 3 h,4 h and 5 h,the specimens＇ isolating rates were 50.9%,55.3% and 63.2%,respectively,which showed a significant increase（｜u｜ value were 2.627,3.586 and 5.446,P0.01）.Conclusion The urine storage time peiord has an important influence on cultivation results,especially when standing for more than 2 hours.Reasonable specimen storage time period control is of great importance for accurate and valuable culture results.

关 键 词：尿液 细菌培养 时间 保存 

分 类 号：R378[医药卫生—病原生物学]