住宅室内空气品质感知和加湿器使用与儿童过敏性症状及疾病的关系  

Study on the perceived indoor air quality and use of humidifiers in residences and their association with allergies among children

作　　者：郑晓红[1] 沈红萍 钱华[1] 赵宜丽[1] 

机构地区：[1]东南大学能源与环境学院,江苏南京210096 [2]江苏筑森建筑设计有限公司

出　　处：《环境与健康杂志》2012年第12期1101-1104,共4页Journal of Environment and Health

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(51008063)

摘　　要：目的探讨住宅室内空气品质加湿器使用与儿童过敏性症状和疾病的关系。方法于2010年12月选取南京市11个主城区的23家幼儿园的4014名1-8岁儿童以问卷调查方式了解儿童过敏性症状及疾病、近3个月家庭住宅内潮湿表征、室内空气品质感知和加湿器使用情况。采用Logistic回归分析过敏性症状及疾病的影响因素。结果儿童哮喘发生率为8．7％（347／3987）；出现潮湿表征的家庭对室内空气品质的不良感知百分率高于无潮湿表征的家庭（P〈0．05），使用加湿器的比例高于无潮湿表征的家庭（P〈0．05）；有空气干燥感知的家庭使用加湿器的比例高于无干燥感家庭（P〈0．01）；有室内空气干燥感的儿童出现哮喘症状（AOR：1．51；95％CI：1．29～1．76）、患哮喘（AOR：1．49；95％CI：1．15。1．94）、鼻炎症状（AOR：1．58；95％CI：1．37～1．84）的危险较高，室内使用加湿器的儿童患哮喘（AOR：1．39；95％CI：1．01～1．91）、过敏性鼻炎（AOR：1．67；95％CI：1．21～2．29）的危险较高。结论有室内空气干燥感知及使用空气加湿器的家庭的儿童患哮喘等过敏性疾病的危险较高。Objective To investigate the association between children allergic diseases and perceived indoor air quality and using humidifiers. Methods A tatal of 4 014 children aged 1-8 years old from 23 kindergartens in Nanjing were selected for questionnaire study. Binary Logistical models were used to test associations between allergic diseases, dampness and perceived indoor air quality, using humidifiers. Results The prevalence of child asthma was 8.7% （347/3 987）. The percentage of perceived bad indoor air quality in the house with dampness was higher than that in house without dampness（P〈 0.05）, the percentage of using humidifier in the house with dampness was higher than that in the house without dampness （P〈 0.05）, the percentage of using humidifier in house with perceived bad indoor air quality was higher than that without perceived bad indoor air quality（P〈0.01）; The risk of asthma symptom, diagnosed asthma, rhinitis symptom for children with perceived ＂dry＂ air was higher, as AORs were 1.51（95% CI：1.29-1.76）,1.49 （95% CI： 1.15-1.94）, 1.58（95% CI： 1.37- 1.84） respectively. The risk of diagnosed asthma and rhinitis was higher for the families using humidifier, as A ORs were 1.39 （95% CI： 1.01-1.91）, 1.67（95% CI： 1.21-2.29） respectively. Conclusion Perception of ＂dry air＂ and using humidifiers in the house makes the risk of children allergic diseases be higher.

关 键 词：空气加湿器 哮喘 过敏性疾病 潮湿 干燥感 

分 类 号：R181.3[医药卫生—流行病学]