北京地铁双连拱隧道施工风险评价与控制实例研究  

Case study of risk assessment of and control over the double-arch tunnel construction in Beijing metro project

作　　者：刘波[1] 张洪杰[1] 刘念[1] 王妙然[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国矿业大学(北京)力学与建筑工程学院,北京100083

出　　处：《安全与环境学报》2012年第6期228-232,共5页Journal of Safety and Environment

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(50974126);国家十二五科技支撑计划项目(2012BAK24B02);教育部新世纪优秀人才支持计划项目(NCET-08-0835);教育部博士点基金项目(20110023110004)

摘　　要：以北京某地铁工程为背景,将层次分析法应用到双连拱区间隧道施工安全风险评价中。在风险评价过程中,结合双连拱隧道施工特点,识别双连拱隧道施工过程中所存在的风险,运用层次分析法进行风险评估,得出影响双连拱区间隧道施工安全的风险因素权重排序,运用Expert Choice软件对施工过程风险因素进行灵敏性分析。结果表明,在双连拱区间隧道施工过程中,施工人员技术水平不高、安全风险意识淡薄风险最大。根据安全风险评价结果,进行了施工风险控制研究,采取相应的风险控制措施,达到减小风险发生概率和最大程度降低损失的目的。This paper is inclined to introduce the results of a case study of risk assessment of and control over the double-arch tunnel construction in Beijing Metro Project, in which we have applied the Analytic Hierarchical Processing （AHP） method to the risk assess- ment in the double-arch interval tunnel construction safety. In our as- sessment process, we have divided the double-arch tunnel construc- tion safety risk factors into three categories, that is, the environmen- tal risk factors, construction risk factors and the management risk fac- tors based on the analysis of the construction features. Once the three kinds of factors were displayed before us, it would be possible to es- tablish a hierarchical structure for double-arch tunnel construction safety at 4 levels. And, then, we have built up a pair-to-pair com- parison matrix, a weighted sequence of risk factors to be included which affect the complicated double-arch tunnel construction. After- wards, we have adopted a software named ＇Expert choice＇ to the sensitivity analysis of the above-said risk factors in the construction process. Through such sensitivity analysis, we have gained different weighted sequences with one or more risk factors being various. The results of the weight sequencing and sensitivity analysis indicate that the root cause of many engineering accidents has to be attributed to the low technical skills and poor safety awareness of the tunnel builders, particularly in implementing the double-arch interval tunnel construction process. Based on the safety risk assessment results, we have further done construction risk control study and explored the available related risk control measures, such as more stress to be giv- en to the technical education of the builders and risk awareness, and what is more, the education and training to be given to the engineer- ing managers in preventing and controlling the construction process, and scientific management as well as emphasis on the information construction. With the risk assessment made and

关 键 词：道路工程 安全风险评价 双连拱区间隧道施工 层次分析法 风险控制 

分 类 号：U458[建筑科学—桥梁与隧道工程]