弥漫性皮质发育障碍模型鼠脑皮质和海马的超微结构  

Ultrastructure of focus tissue in the cerebral cortex and hippocampus of rat model of diffuse cortical dysplasias

作　　者：马勋泰[1] 冯占辉[2] 吕洋[3] 承欧梅[3] 晏宁[4] 晏勇[3] 

机构地区：[1]泸州医学院附属医院神经内科,四川泸州646000 [2]贵阳医学院附属医院神经内科,贵州贵阳550004 [3]重庆医科大学附属第一医院老年病科和神经内科,重庆400016 [4]重庆医科大学附属第二医院神经内科,重庆400010

出　　处：《中国现代医学杂志》2012年第28期10-14,共5页China Journal of Modern Medicine

基　　金：四川省教育厅重点项目(No:09ZA046);四川省卫生厅项目(No:090231)

摘　　要：目的探寻弥漫性皮质发育障碍(DCD)大鼠大脑半球、海马等超微病理学特点。方法建立X-射线照射诱导的皮质下异位结节大鼠DCD模型,使用透射电境超微结构检查。结果 DCD鼠脑皮质Ⅱ～Ⅲ层、皮质下异位结节、白质、CA1和CA3锥体细胞层可见神经元凋亡,神经元胞核空泡化、胞浆解体,锥体神经元内线粒体肿胀,内质网扩张,胶质细胞轻度肿胀,毛细血管周围水份积聚及内膜损坏,有髓和无髓神经纤维两种,有髓神经纤维脱髓鞘改变,组织中散布许多"髓样"结构,突触前膜水肿。结论异位结节掺合于白质中导致有髓神经纤维髓鞘脱失,而皮质下异位结节中神经元胞浆线粒体病损明显,突触却不明显,提示线粒体启动的电活动可能经轴索、突触形成更多的神经网络传播。【Objective】 This study was to observe the ultrastructural pathological characteristics of rat models of diffuse cortical dysplasias（DCD） in cortex hemisphere and hippocampus under transmission electron microscope（TEM）.【Methods】 Established an animal model of DCD in the way that pregnant SD rats were exposed to X-ray irradiation-induced using dose of 150 cGy on mild swelling of glial cells,capillary membrane around the water accumulation andembryonic day 17（E17）,and pathological characteristics of DCD were observed under transmission electron microscope technique.【Results】 We found that DCD rats had Ⅱ～Ⅲ cortex layer,subcortical heterotopic nodules,neuronal apoptosis in CA1 and CA3 pyramidal cell layer,neurons in the nucleus vacuolization,cytoplasmic disintegration of mitochondria in pyramidal neurons swelling,endoplasmic reticulum,damage to myelinated and unmyelinated nerve fibers are two kinds of demyelination of myelinated nerve fibers,the organization is to spread a lot of ＂pulp like＂ structure,the presynaptic membrane edema.【Conclusion】 Ectopic nodules in admixture in the white matter myelinated nerve fibers lead to demyelination.Lesions in subcortical heterotopic nodules of the neuronal cytoplasm mitochondria were clear in DCD rats,but synaptic was not obvious,suggesting that mitochondria may start the electrical activity to axon and synapse formation more neural networks spread.

关 键 词：弥漫性皮质发育障碍 超微结构 病理学 

分 类 号：R322.81[医药卫生—人体解剖和组织胚胎学] R-332[医药卫生—基础医学]