紫色丘陵区坡耕地生物埂的土壤结构稳定性与抗蚀性分析  

Analysis of Soil Structure Stability and Corrosion Resistance of Slop Land Bio-bank in Purple Hilly Area

作　　者：汪三树[1] 史东梅[1] 蒋光毅 郭宏忠 黄先智[3] 彭旭东[1] 甘雪莲 

机构地区：[1]西南大学资源环境学院,西南大学水土保持生态环境研究所,重庆400715 [2]重庆市水土保持生态环境监测总站,重庆401147 [3]西南大学蚕学与系统生物学研究所,重庆400715 [4]重庆市开县澎溪河湿地自然保护区管理局,重庆开县405400

出　　处：《水土保持学报》2012年第6期31-35,40,共6页Journal of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金：中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金项目(XDJK2009A002);重庆市科委项目(CSTC2009AC1007)

摘　　要：以紫色丘陵区坡耕地4种典型生物埂为研究对象,系统分析各种生物埂的土壤结构及其稳定性特点,并评价4种生物埂的土壤抗蚀性特征。研究表明:(1)生物埂能有效地改善土壤理化性质、提高土壤孔隙结构,以花椒埂和桑树埂的土壤理化性质改良效果最好,其次为紫花苜蓿埂;生物埂的土壤含水量和孔隙度与自然生草埂相比呈极显著增加(P<0.01)。(2)4种不同生物埂的土壤团聚体分布均匀,以>0.25mm大团聚体和水稳性团聚体含量最高;与对照相比,各种生物埂>0.25mm的水稳定性团聚体含量均呈显著性增加(P<0.05),增量大小依次为花椒埂(69.29%)>桑树埂(59.97%)>紫花苜蓿埂(47.92%)>自然生草埂(41.32%);生物埂的风干土团聚体分形维数在2.32～2.53之间,水稳性团聚体分形维数显著增加,以紫花苜蓿埂增加最小(0.33)。(3)与自然生草埂相比,各种生物埂的土壤结构稳定,抵抗降雨侵蚀能力高,抗蚀性能以乔木埂大于草埂,花椒埂抗蚀能力最高,其次为桑树埂。By taking four typical bio-banks of slop land in purple hilly area as the research object,a systematic analysis of the characteristics of soil structures and its stability of various bio-banks was made,and the performance of soil anti-erodibility of four typical bio-banks was evaluated in this article.The results showed that：（1）Bio-banks could improve soil physical and chemical properties and soil pore structure effectively,among them,the soil of the bund with prickly ash and the soil of the bund with mulberry had the best effect on the improvement of soil physical and chemical properties,then the soil of the bund with alfalfa ranked secondly;the soil water content and porosity of bio-banks were increased significantly（P〈0.01） compared with the soil of the bund with natural grass,and the bio-bank soil had the properties of silt loam soil.（2）The soil aggregate in different bio-banks was well distributed,and the content of 0.25 mm soil macro-aggregate and water stable aggregate was the highest amount,and the content of 0.25 mm soil water stable aggregate of each bio-bank was increased significantly（P〈0.05） compared to control,and the incremental size was in sequence of the bank of prickly ash（69.29%）〉 mulberry（59.97%） 〉alfalfa（47.92%）〉 natural grass（41.32%）;the aggregate fractal dimensions of air-dried soil of each bio-bank was within 2.32-2.53,and the water stable aggregate fractal dimensions was increased significantly among which the increases of bund with alfalfa was the least（0.33）.（3）Soil structure of each bio-banks was more stable,and the resistant ability to rainfall erosion was stronger compared to the control,and the anti-erodibility of the soil of the bund with tree was stronger than grass,among which the soil anti-erosion capability of prickly ash was the strongest,the second for the soil of the bund with mulberry.

关 键 词：生物埂 土壤结构 抗蚀性 坡耕地 紫色丘陵区 

分 类 号：S152.4[农业科学—土壤学] S157.1[农业科学—农业基础科学]