铁路边坡不同坡位土壤物理化学性质差异性  

Differences of Soil Physicochemical Properties in Different Railway Cut-slope Positions

作　　者：李传人[1] 艾应伟[1] 郭培俊[1] 潘丹丹[1] 房晨[1] 肖宇红[1] 

机构地区：[1]四川大学生命科学学院,生物资源与生态环境教育部重点实验室,成都610064

出　　处：《水土保持学报》2012年第6期91-95,101,共6页Journal of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41171175)

摘　　要：针对遂渝铁路遂宁站附近以岩石碎片为基质进行修复的切挖铁路边坡,以临近自然边坡为对照,研究不同坡位的土壤物理化学性质的差异性。结果表明:铁路边坡含水量表现为坡下=坡中>坡上;自然边坡含水量表现为坡中>坡上=坡下。铁路边坡和自然边坡土壤碱解氮、有效磷、速效钾含量均在坡下达到最大值。铁路边坡不同坡位的土壤颗粒含量在<0.25mm粒径范围内表现为坡下<坡中=坡上,在0.25～1mm为坡下>坡中=坡上,在>5mm为坡中>坡上=坡下;自然边坡土壤颗粒含量在<0.25mm粒径表现为坡上=坡下>坡中,在1～2mm为坡下>坡上=坡中,在>5mm为坡中>坡上>坡下。铁路边坡不同坡位间颗粒有机质含量存在一定差异,具体表现在0.25～0.5mm为坡上>坡中=坡下,在0.5～1mm为坡上=坡下>坡中,在1～2mm为坡下>坡上,坡中与坡上、坡下差异不显著,在3～5mm为坡下>坡中=坡上,在2～3mm,>5mm均为坡下=坡中>坡上;自然边坡除<0.25mm的颗粒有机质含量在各坡位间无差异外,其余粒径的颗粒有机质含量均表现为坡中>坡上=坡下。自然边坡含水量、水稳定团聚体含量和颗粒有机质含量均高于铁路边坡,而平均重量直径(MWD),<0.25mm范围内土壤颗粒含量和坡上、坡中土壤的碱解氮、有效磷、速效钾含量低于铁路边坡。Soil structure and aggregate associated organic carbon were investigated in three different locations of railway slope（upper, middle, lower） soils near the Suining railway station, and set the natural slope as control. Analysis of the soils revealed that： The water content of railway slope followed the order as of lower =middle 〉upper; the water content of natural slope followed the order as of middle 〉upper=lower. The contents of available N, available P, available K of railway and natural slopes soil peaked were at lower. On railway slope, the concentration of 〈0. 25 mm water stable aggregate（WSA） was in the order lower middle=upper, the concentration of 0. 25 - 1 mm WSA followed the order lower 〉middle= upper, the concentration of 〉5 mm WSA followed the order middle 〉upper= lower; on natural slope, the concentration of 〈0. 25 mm WSA followed the order upper= lower 〉middle, the concentration of 1-2 mm WSA followed the order lower 〉upper=middle, the concentration of 〉5 mm WSA followed the order middle upper 〉lower. The SOC concentration aggregate of railway slope affected by the locations, and it followed the order upper 〉middle=lower for the aggregate size fractions 0.25-0.5 mm and upper=lower 〉middle for the aggregate size fractions 0.5- 1 ram, and the SOC concentration aggregate followed the order lower〉 upper for the aggregate size fractions 1-2 mm, there was no significant difference between middle and upper or lower, and lower 〉middle= upper for the aggregate size fractions 345 mm and lower=middle 〉upper for the aggregate size fractions 2-3 mm and 〉5 mm; the SOC concentration aggregate followed the order middle ~upper=lower for the aggregate size fractions except for the aggregate size fraction 〈0.25 mm, and there was no significant difference among locations for natural slope. Water content, WSA and aggregate associated organic carbon of natural slope were higher than those of railway slope, while mean weight diameter, the concentration of 〈0. 25 mm WSA an

关 键 词：铁路边坡 团聚体颗粒有机质 土壤物理化学性质 坡位 

分 类 号：S158.2[农业科学—土壤学]