高羊茅对河道底泥中复合重金属污染的修复  

Phytoremediation of Heavy Metal in Sewage River Sediment by Festuca arundinacea

作　　者：吴卿[1] 高亚洁[1] 李东梅[1] 李思聪[1] 王美[1] 

机构地区：[1]天津大学环境科学与工程学院,天津300072

出　　处：《水土保持学报》2012年第6期219-223,共5页Journal of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(50908159);国家"973"重点基础研究发展规划资助项目(2007CB407306)

摘　　要：为了治理河道底泥中复合重金属的污染,利用栽培试验研究高羊茅对底泥中复合重金属污染的修复情况。研究发现,高羊茅种植3个月后对底泥中Cr、Cd、Cu、Zn、Mn、Ni污染有较好的去除效果,此时底泥中大部分重金属含量达到最小值,但对Pb的去除效果不明显。重金属去除率的大小顺序为:Cr>Cd>Cu>Zn>Mn>Ni。对底泥中Cr的去除效果最好,去除率高达61.44%。Ni、Zn、Cr、Cu、Mn均在根部的累积量最大,其次是叶和茎。Cd被高羊茅吸收后,主要累积在叶和茎部。从富集系数和转移系数来看,高羊茅尤其适于对Cd和Zn污染的修复。脱氢酶活性在高羊茅种植的过程中表现为先升高后降低,在种植3个月后酶活性达到最高,且脱氢酶活性与重金属浓度均呈负相关关系,其对重金属污染较为敏感。高羊茅根际底泥中微生物种群数量为细菌>放线菌>真菌,对环境的适应能力表现为真菌>细菌>放线菌。Pot experiment was conducted to study phytoremediation effect of Festuca arundinacea to composite heavy metal contaminated sewage river sediment.Results showed that Cr,Cd,Cu,Zn,Mn and Ni in rhizosphere sediments had better removal rate when Festuca arundinacea were planted for three months.At that time most of the heavy metal content in the sediment reached a minimum value,but for Pb the removal rate was not obvious.The order of heavy metal removal rate was： Cr〉 Cd〉 Cu 〉Zn 〉Mn〉 Ni.The best removal efficiency in the sediment was Cr,and the removal rate was 61.44%.Most of Ni,Zn,Cr,Cu and Mn was accumulated in roots,and then in leaves and stems.Cd was accumulated mainly in leaves and stems.Enrichment coefficient and translocation factor were calculated and the result indicated that Festuca arundinacea was especially suitable for the restoration of Cd and Zn.The activity of dehydrogenases in rhizosphere sediments increased during the first three months after the plant was planted and decreased after that.Dehydrogenase activity showed a negative correlation with the concentrations of heavy metals,and the enzyme was sensitive to heavy metal pollution.Quantity of microbial populations in rhizosphere sediments of Festuca arundinacea was： Bacteria〉 actinomycetes〉 fungi.The adaptation ability to the environmental was： Fungi 〉bacteria 〉actinomycetes.

关 键 词：植物修复 重金属 排污河底泥 高羊茅 

分 类 号：X53[环境科学与工程—环境工程]