咸淡轮灌条件下塔里木河上游绿洲土壤入渗特性  

Infiltration Properties of Soil in the Oasis of Upper Tarim River Under Alternative Irrigation of Fresh and Saline Water

作　　者：闫冰[1,2] 周智彬[1,3] 刘凤山[4,2] 杜海燕[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所,乌鲁木齐830011 [2]中国科学院研究生院,北京100049 [3]荒漠与绿洲生态国家重点实验室,乌鲁木齐830011 [4]中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所,北京100101

出　　处：《水土保持学报》2012年第6期238-242,共5页Journal of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金：中国科学院战略先导科技专项(XDA05050504);国家自然科学基金项目(41030530);国家重点基础研究发展计划项目(2009CB421302)

摘　　要：为探明塔里木河上游绿洲土壤在不同矿化度水与淡水轮灌下的土壤入渗规律及影响因素,应用Guelph入渗仪测定不同土层深度、不同矿化度水及其与淡水轮灌的土壤入渗过程。结果表明,除淡水外,不同矿化度水在不同深度入渗速率差异显著,10g/L-淡水-10g/L和15g/L-淡水-15g/L方式轮灌对15,35cm深土壤入渗速率影响显著;不同矿化度水灌溉Kfs大小关系为10g/L>15g/L>淡水。咸-淡-咸方式轮灌后,Kfs之间关系为淡水>10g/L>15g/L;轮灌过程中根长、根体积、根表面积与稳定入渗速率有较好的线性相关性,容重的影响相对较低。15g/L水和淡水轮灌时,电导率对稳定入渗速率也有显著影响。咸淡轮灌有利于咸水资源的充分利用及土壤与农业可持续发展。In order to determine the infiltration law and influencing factors under alternative irrigation of fresh and different kinds of saline water in the oasis of upper Tarim river.The soil infiltration process of different depth and alternative irrigation of fresh and different kinds of salinity water was measured by Guelph permeameter.Results showed that the infiltration rate existed significant difference in different depth for different salinity water,except fresh water.There were distinct impacts on soil infiltration rate in 15,35 cm after alternative irrigation by 10 g/L-fresh water-10 g/L and 15 g/L-fresh water-15 g/L;the relationship of Kfs was 10 g/L 〉15 g/L 〉fresh water for different salinity water irrigation.The relationship of Kfs was fresh water 〉10 g/L〉 15 g/L after alternative irrigation by the way of saline water-fresh water-saline water;stable infiltration rate were related linearly with length,volume and surface area of root on the process of alternative irrigation,except bulk density.Stable infiltration rate were significantly affected by electrical conductivity,while alternative irrigation was 15 g/L and fresh water.There were benefits for saline water effective use and soil and agriculture sustained development under alternative irrigation of fresh and saline water.

关 键 词：咸淡轮灌 土壤入渗 塔里木河 Guelph入渗仪 

分 类 号：S152.72[农业科学—土壤学]