氮肥和6-BA对花后受渍冬小麦抗渍性的调控效应  

Regulatory Effects of Nitrogen Nutrient and 6-BA on Winter Wheat Suffered Post-anthesis Waterlogging

作　　者：吴进东[1,2] 李金才[1] 魏凤珍[1] 王成雨[1] 张一[1] 武文明[1] 

机构地区：[1]安徽农业大学农学院,合肥230036 [2]皖西学院,安徽六安237012

出　　处：《西北植物学报》2012年第12期2512-2517,共6页Acta Botanica Boreali-Occidentalia Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(31071356);安徽省教育厅自然科学基金重点项目(KJ2011A271)

摘　　要：渍水是黄淮南部麦区和长江中下游麦区冬小麦生育后期的主要气象灾害因子,试验以小麦品种‘烟农19’为材料,采用裂区设计研究氮肥和6-BA对花后受渍冬小麦抗渍性的调控效应。结果显示:(1)花后渍害显著降低冬小麦根系活力、总吸收面积、活跃吸收面积、旗叶叶绿素含量、旗叶净光合速率,极显著降低穗粒数、千粒重和籽粒产量,而对穗数无显著影响。(2)受渍后叶面喷施氮肥+6-BA、氮肥、6-BA均能显著提高冬小麦花后抗渍性,其根系活力分别提高18.7%、14.6%、12.0%,根系总吸收面积分别提高31.9%、22.1%、19.6%,根系活跃吸收面积分别提高32.5%、21.7%、18.1%,叶绿素含量分别提高16.2%、9.4%、10.3%,净光合速率分别提高32.6%、23.3%、23.3%,穗粒数分别提高13.8%、9.3%、8.5%,千粒重分别提高17.3%、11.5%、10.5%,籽粒产量分别提高35.9%、23.5%、20.9%。研究表明,氮肥和6-BA正交互作用显著,即花后同时喷施氮肥和6-BA缓解小麦渍害的效果更佳。Waterlogging is a main stress factor during late growing period of winter wheat （Triticum aesti- rum L. ） in Huanghuai southern and Yangtze Valley region of China. In order to alleviate waterlogging,the split block design experiment was carried out with wheat variety ＇Yannong 19＇ to study regulatory effects of nitrogen nutrient and 6-BA on waterlogging resistance of winter wheat. The results showed that： （1） Post-anthesis waterlogging significantly reduced root system activity, root total absorbing area,root active- ly absorbing area,chlorophyll content （SPAD reading） of flag leaf,photosynthetic rate （Pn） O{ flag leaf of winter wheat and highly significantly reduced grain number per spike, 1000-grain weight and yield of winter wheat,but had no significant effect on spike number. （2）Treatments of foliar spraying nitrogen nutrient＋ 6-BA, nitrogen nutrient, 6-BA, all could significantly improve wat^erlogging resistance of winter wheat and improved root system activity by 18.7% ,14.6% ,12.0% ,respectively;root total absorbing area by 31.9%, 2 2.1%, 19.6 %, respectively ; root actively absorbing area by 3 2.5 %, 21.7 %, 18.1 %, respectively ; chloro- phyll content （SPAD reading） of flag leaf by 16.2% ,9.4%,10.3% ,respectively;photosynthetic rate （Pn） of flag leaf by 32.6%,23.3%,23.3%,respectively;grain number per spike by 13.8% ,9.3%o ,8.5% ,re-spectively;1000-grain weight by 17.3%, 11.5%, 10.5%,respectively;and grain yield by 35.9%,23.5%, 20.9%,respectively;while all had no significant effect on spike number. In summary,there were significant positive interactions between nitrogen nutrient and 6-BA. Considered comprehensively, foliar spraying ni- trogen nutrient and 6-BA simultaneously was recommended to alleviate negative effects of post-anthesis waterlogging in production.

关 键 词：氮肥 6-BA 花后渍水 冬小麦 抗渍性 

分 类 号：Q945.79[生物学—植物学]