人工湿地中指示与病原微生物动态分布及相关性分析  

Dynamic distribution and correlation analysis of indicator-and pathogenic microorganisms in a surface-flow constructed wetland

作　　者：宋志文[1] 孙群[1] 徐爱玲[1] 钱生财[1] 刘伶俐[1] 冯梦雪[1] 

机构地区：[1]青岛理工大学环境与市政工程学院,山东青岛266033

出　　处：《生态学杂志》2013年第1期91-97,共7页Chinese Journal of Ecology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31170509);水利部公益性行业科研专项(200901063)资助

摘　　要：选择总大肠菌群(total coliforms)、粪大肠菌群(fecal coliforms)、粪链球菌(fecal streptococci)、大肠杆菌(Escherichia coli)、产气荚膜梭菌(Clostridium perfringens)和沙门氏菌(Salmonella spp.)6种指示和病原微生物,采用多管发酵法和倾注平板法研究其在自由表面流人工湿地中的去除效果、相关性及动态分布特征。结果表明:人工湿地进水中沙门氏菌数量最多,其次为总大肠菌群、粪大肠菌群、产气荚膜梭菌和大肠杆菌,粪链球菌数量最低;人工湿地对不同指示和病原微生物去除效果存在差异,对总大肠菌群、粪大肠菌群和大肠杆菌去除效果最好,年平均去除率分别为94.1%、93.4%和84.0%;对沙门氏菌和产气荚膜梭菌去除效果较差,年平均去除率分别为55.8%和63.6%,并且存在较大波动;出水中粪链球菌数量高于进水;人工湿地对指示和病原微生物的去除效果在不同季节间无显著差异,但进水中总大肠菌群数量、进出水中沙门氏菌数量及进水中产气荚膜梭菌数量在不同季节间存在差异。相关性分析表明,总大肠菌群、粪大肠菌群以及大肠杆菌之间存在较强相关性,沙门氏菌和粪大肠菌群以及产气荚膜梭菌和总大肠菌群、粪大肠菌群间存在弱相关性。More and more attention has been paid to the potential of constructed wetland in reducing the indicator and pathogenic microorganisms in wastewater. In this study, six indicator and pathogenic microorganisms （total coliforms, faecal coliforms, fecal streptococci, Escherichia coli, Clostridium perfringens, and Salmonella spp. ） were selected to evaluate their removal rate, correlations, and dynamic distribution features in a full scale freesurface flow constructed wet land by the methods of multitube fermentation and plate culture. Among the six indicator and pathogenic microorganisms in the influent of the wetland, Salmonella spp. had the highest indi vidual number, followed by total coliforms, faecal coliforms, C. perfringens, E. coli, and fecal streptococci. The constructed wetland could effectively remove the total coliforms, faecal coil forms, and E. coli, with an average annual removal rate of 94.1% , 93.4% , and 84.0% , re spectively. However, the removal rate of Salmonella spp. and C. peringens was relatively low, with an average annual removal rate of 55.8% and 63.6%, respectively, and existing greater fluctuation. The individual number of fecal streptococci was higher in effluent than in influent. No significant difference was observed in the removal rate of indicator and pathogenic microor ganisms between different seasons, but significant differences were found in the influent total coliforms concentration, influent and effluent Salmonella spp. concentrations, and influent C. per fringens concentration between different seasons. Correlation analysis indicated that there were stronger correlations among the total coliforms, fecal coliforms, and Escherichia coli, but weaker correlations between the Salmonella spp. and fecal coliforms and between the C. peringens and the total coliforms and fecal coliforms.

关 键 词：人工湿地 污水处理 指示细菌 病原细菌 动态分布 环境卫生安全 

分 类 号：X703[环境科学与工程—环境工程]