盐城自然保护区射阳河口滩涂迁徙期鸻鹬类的时空分布格局  

Spatiotemporal patterns of shorebirds during their migration period at Sheyang estuary of Yancheng Nature Reserve,East China

作　　者：侯森林[1,2] 余晓韵[2] 鲁长虎[2] 

机构地区：[1]南京森林警察学院,南京210023 [2]南京林业大学,南京210037

出　　处：《生态学杂志》2013年第1期149-155,共7页Chinese Journal of Ecology

基　　金：江苏高校优势学科建设工程资助项目;国家林业公益性行业科研专项(201004094);江苏省高校自然科学研究重大项目(09KJA180002)资助

摘　　要：2008年9—11月和2009年3—5月,在盐城自然保护区射阳河口段滨海滩涂对迁徙期鸻鹬类的时空分布格局开展了研究。共统计到鸻鹬类22种,这些种类在春季均能看到,秋季共统计到13种,春季优势种为黑腹滨鹬(Calidris alpina)和红颈滨鹬(C. ruficollis),秋季为黑腹滨鹬、红颈滨鹬和环颈鸻(Charadrius alexandrinus),春季迁徙期鸟类的数量明显多于秋季,其比值约为3∶1。鸻鹬类多分布在自然滩涂,人工湿地(养殖塘)上也有一定数量的鸟类分布,但多以栖息为主。2个季节鸻鹬类的物种数在生境间差异均不显著,密度在生境间差异均显著;2个季节优势种黑腹滨鹬的密度在各生境间差异均极显著,红颈滨鹬的密度在各生境间差异均不显著,秋季环颈鸻的密度在各生境间差异极显著;春季鸻鹬类的Shannon-Wiener指数在各生境间差异极显著,秋季差异不显著。In September-November 2008 and March-May 2009, an investigation was made on the spatiotemporal patterns of shorebirds during their migration period at Sheyang estuary of Yancheng Nature Reserve. A total of 22 shorebird species were recorded, all found in spring and 13 of them found in autumn. The dominant species in spring were Dunlin （ Calidris alpina） and Red-necked stint （C. ruficollis ）, and those in autumn were Dunlin, Red-necked stint, and Kentish plover （Charadrius alexandrinus ）. The shorebirds number was obviously greater in spring than in autumn, with a ratio about 3 ： 1. The shorebirds were mostly at natural mudflat, also at artificial wetland （aquaculture ponds）, and most of them inhabited there. No significant differences were observed in the species number of the shorebirds among six habitats in the two seasons, but the density of the shorebirds had significant differences among the habitats. The density of dominant species Dunlin had significant differences among the habitats in the two seasons, while the density of Red-necked stint had not. The density of Kentish plover had significant differences among the habitats in autumn. The Shannon-Wiener index of the shorebirds showed significant differences among the habitats in spring, but not in autumn.

关 键 词：射阳河口 鸻鹬类 迁徙期 时空分布格局 

分 类 号：Q958.1[生物学—动物学]