湖泊的水生态模型  

Lake aquatic ecosystem models:A review

作　　者：牛志广[1] 王秀俊[1] 陈彦熹[1] 

机构地区：[1]天津大学环境科学与工程学院,天津300072

出　　处：《生态学杂志》2013年第1期217-225,共9页Chinese Journal of Ecology

基　　金：国家水体污染控制与治理科技重大专项(2012ZX07203-002-005)资助

摘　　要：由于城市化进程的不断加快,大量的污染物排放到湖泊中,打破了湖泊的生态平衡。湖泊的水生态模型不仅能够研究湖泊的富营养化现象,而且还可以模拟工业毒物等污染物对湖泊生态系统的影响,是湖泊管理的有力工具。本文从分析湖泊的污染现状以及污染趋势出发,介绍了湖泊水生态模型的研究现状,并根据模型的模拟对象和空间模拟能力对湖泊水生态模型进行了分类。在此基础上介绍了AQUATOX、PAMOLARE、CAEDYM、WASP、OOMAS等比较成熟的模拟湖泊生态系统的模型软件,阐述了它们的产生、发展、主要特点以及应用,总结了当今湖泊水生态模型在模拟过程中遇到的问题,并对水生态模型的发展趋势进行了展望。本文为湖泊水生态模型的选择提供了建议。With the rapid development of urbanization, a large amount of contaminants are dis charged into lakes, and break the ecological balance of the lakes. Lake aquatic ecosystem model can not only analyze the lake eutrophication, but also simulate the impacts of industrial poisons on lake aquatic ecosystem, being a useful tool of lake management. This paper analyzed the cur rent status and tendency of lake pollution, introduced the research progress on the lake aquatic ecosystem models, and classified them based on the simulation objects and the spatial modeling capabilities. Some widely used simulation software of the aquatic ecosystem, such as AQUATOX, PAMOLARE, CAEDYM, WASP, and OOMAS were introduced, and their generation, develop ment, characteristics, and applications were expatiated. The existing problems of the lake aquat ic ecosystem models in modeling process were summarized, and the development trends of the models were predicted. Some suggestions for the selection of lake aquatic ecosystem models were proposed.

关 键 词：湖泊生态系统 富营养化 水生态模型 

分 类 号：X524[环境科学与工程—环境工程]