DALY在城市污水再生回用健康风险评价中的应用  

Application of Disability Adjusted Life Year in Health Risk Assessment of Municipal Sewage Reuse

作　　者：刘言正[1] 王晓昌[1] 陈荣[1] 

机构地区：[1]西安建筑科技大学环境与市政工程学院,陕西西安710055

出　　处：《中国给水排水》2013年第1期97-100,共4页China Water & Wastewater

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(50838005);国家水体污染控制与治理科技重大专项(2008ZX07317-009)

摘　　要：城市污水再生利用健康风险评价中多是利用随机模拟的方法计算出健康风险分布,从而得到疾病发生的概率。但是疾病发生的概率不能反映疾病所致的伤残程度和持续时间,也不能反映疾病导致死亡对生产力的影响。引入了全球疾病负担的指标——伤残调整寿命年(DA-LY),并研究了DALY在污水再生回用健康风险评价中应用的方法。以西安市污水再生回用为例,建立了DALY应用于污水再生回用健康风险评价的方法,得到西安市再生水中各种污染因子导致的疾病负担,其中对人体健康威胁较大的污染因子为轮状病毒、甲肝病毒和Cd,导致的疾病负担分别为0.86、0.38、0.34 DALY/万人,造成的疾病负担很小。The stochastic simulation method is applied to calculate the distribution of the health risks in a health risk assessment of municipal sewage reuse to determine the disease probability of differ- ent pollution factors. But the probability of disease cannot reflect the severity and length of disabilities at- tributed to the disease. At same time it cannot reflect the influence of deaths caused by the disease on the labor productivity. The application of disability adjusted life year （DALY） in health risk assessment of municipal sewage reuse was studied. Taking Xi＇ an City as a case, a method for application of DALY in health risk assessment of municipal sewage reuse was established. The disease burdens caused by differ- ent pollution factors in the reclaimed sewage in Xi＇ an City were obtained. The major pollution factors threatening human health were rotavirus, hepatitis A virus and Cd. The disease burdens caused by these factors were 0.86 DALY/ten thousand people, 0.38 DALY/ten thousand people and 0.34 DALY/ten thousand people respectively, and these disease burdens were smaller than other disease burdens.

关 键 词：伤残调整寿命年 污水再生利用 风险评价 疾病负担 

分 类 号：X703[环境科学与工程—环境工程]