河南省55例重症手足口病临床特征及流行病学分析  

Clinical features and epidemiological analysis on 55 cases of severe hand foot mouth disease in Henan Province

作　　者：聂轶飞[1] 王海峰[1] 康锴[1] 陈豪敏[1] 

机构地区：[1]河南省疾病预防控制中心,河南郑州450016

出　　处：《现代预防医学》2013年第1期1-3,共3页Modern Preventive Medicine

基　　金：国家"十一五"科技重大专项<艾滋病和病毒性肝炎等重大传染病防治>(2009ZX10004-203)

摘　　要：目的探讨重症手足口病(Hand foot mouth disease,HFMD)的临床与流行病学特征,及早发现危重症,为重症手足口病的防治提供科学依据。方法回顾性查阅病历,填写个案调查表,应用Excel录入数据库,SPSS18.0软件进行统计分析。结果此次调查55例重症病例,其中危重症13例。4岁及以下占94.55%(52/55),年龄最小者6个月,最大者5岁半,男女性别比为1.9︰1;重症患儿通常有高热、精神差、嗜睡、呕吐、易惊以及肢体抖动等主要临床表现;危重症以3岁以下患儿为主,出现嗜睡、呕吐、呼吸音异常、血性泡沫痰、心率﹥130次/min的可能性高于普通重症患儿,发热持续时间、心率﹥130次/min持续时间、总病程、白细胞计数等指标也高于普通重症患儿。结论重症危重症患儿是手足口病预防工作中的重点关注对象,及时识别重症危重症患儿有助于指导临床救治,减低病死率,同时也能为进一步做好手足口病的防治工作提供科学依据。OBJECTIVE To describe the clinical features and epidemiological characteristics analysis of severe hand-foot- mouth disease （Hand foot mouth disease, HFMD）, so that to early detect the critically ill as well as provide a scientific basis for severe hand foot mouth disease. METHODS Information were collected by questionnaires through consulting medical cases. Data were input by Excel and analyzed by software SAS 18.0. RESULTS 55 severe cases were investigated, in who 13 critically ills cases. 94.55% of the cases were below 4 years old. The youngest one was 6 months and the oldest one was six and a half years old. The ratio for male and female was 1.9 ： 1. Severe cases usually had high fever, lethargy, vomiting, easily fright- ened, and convulsion and so on. Most of the critically ills were below 3 years old and more vulnerable to lethargy, vomiting, abnormal breathing, hemorrhagic frothy sputum, heart rate 〉 130 times/min than the common severe cases. Fever duration, heart rate 〉 130 times/min duration, course of disease, white blood cell count and other indicators were also higher than the common severe cases. CONCLUSION Intensive focus on critically ills is more and more important in HFMD prevention work. Prompt recognition of critically ills helps to guide clinical treatment, reduces the mortality rate, but also provides the scientific evidence for further do a good job for prevention and treatment of HFMD.

关 键 词：手足口病 重症 流行病学 

分 类 号：R181.3[医药卫生—流行病学]